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Critical OAuth Flaws Uncovered in Grammarly, Vidio, and Bukalapak Platforms

Critical security flaws have been disclosed in the Open Authorization (OAuth) implementation of popular online services such as Grammarly, Vidio, and Bukalapak, building upon previous shortcomings uncovered inΒ Booking[.]com and Expo. The weaknesses, now addressed by the respective companies following responsible disclosure between February and April 2023, could have allowed malicious actors to

PassMute - PassMute - A Multi Featured Password Transmutation/Mutator Tool

By: Zion3R


This is a command-line tool written in Python that applies one or more transmutation rules to a given password or a list of passwords read from one or more files. The tool can be used to generate transformed passwords for security testing or research purposes. Also, while you doing pentesting it will be very useful tool for you to brute force the passwords!!


How Passmute can also help to secure our passwords more?

PassMute can help to generate strong and complex passwords by applying different transformation rules to the input password. However, password security also depends on other factors such as the length of the password, randomness, and avoiding common phrases or patterns.

The transformation rules include:

reverse: reverses the password string

uppercase: converts the password to uppercase letters

lowercase: converts the password to lowercase letters

swapcase: swaps the case of each letter in the password

capitalize: capitalizes the first letter of the password

leet: replaces some letters in the password with their leet equivalents

strip: removes all whitespace characters from the password

The tool can also write the transformed passwords to an output file and run the transformation process in parallel using multiple threads.

Installation

git clone https://HITH-Hackerinthehouse/PassMute.git
cd PassMute
chmod +x PassMute.py

Usage To use the tool, you need to have Python 3 installed on your system. Then, you can run the tool from the command line using the following options:

python PassMute.py [-h] [-f FILE [FILE ...]] -r RULES [RULES ...] [-v] [-p PASSWORD] [-o OUTPUT] [-t THREAD_TIMEOUT] [--max-threads MAX_THREADS]

Here's a brief explanation of the available options:

-h or --help: shows the help message and exits

-f (FILE) [FILE ...], --file (FILE) [FILE ...]: one or more files to read passwords from

-r (RULES) [RULES ...] or --rules (RULES) [RULES ...]: one or more transformation rules to apply

-v or --verbose: prints verbose output for each password transformation

-p (PASSWORD) or --password (PASSWORD): transforms a single password

-o (OUTPUT) or --output (OUTPUT): output file to save the transformed passwords

-t (THREAD_TIMEOUT) or --thread-timeout (THREAD_TIMEOUT): timeout for threads to complete (in seconds)

--max-threads (MAX_THREADS): maximum number of threads to run simultaneously (default: 10)

NOTE: If you are getting any error regarding argparse module then simply install the module by following command: pip install argparse

Examples

Here are some example commands those read passwords from a file, applies two transformation rules, and saves the transformed passwords to an output file:

Single Password transmutation: python PassMute.py -p HITHHack3r -r leet reverse swapcase -v -t 50

Multiple Password transmutation: python PassMute.py -f testwordlists.txt -r leet reverse -v -t 100 -o testupdatelists.txt

Here Verbose and Thread are recommended to use in case you're transmutating big files and also it depends upon your microprocessor as well, it's not required every time to use threads and verbose mode.

Legal Disclaimer:

You might be super excited to use this tool, we too. But here we need to confirm! Hackerinthehouse, any contributor of this project and Github won't be responsible for any actions made by you. This tool is made for security research and educational purposes only. It is the end user's responsibility to obey all applicable local, state and federal laws.



Cortex-XDR-Config-Extractor - Cortex XDR Config Extractor


This tool is meant to be used during Red Team Assessments and to audit the XDR Settings.

With this tool its possible to parse the Database Lock Files of the Cortex XDR Agent by Palo Alto Networks and extract Agent Settings, the Hash and Salt of the Uninstall Password, as well as possible Exclusions.


Supported Extractions

  • Uninstall Password Hash & Salt
  • Excluded Signer Names
  • DLL Security Exclusions & Settings
  • PE Security Exclusions & Settings
  • Office Files Security Exclusions & Settings
  • Credential Gathering Module Exclusions
  • Webshell Protection Module Exclusions
  • Childprocess Executionchain Exclusions
  • Behavorial Threat Module Exclusions
  • Local Malware Scan Module Exclusions
  • Memory Protection Module Status
  • Global Hash Exclusions
  • Ransomware Protection Module Modus & Settings

Usage

Usage = ./XDRConfExtractor.py [Filename].ldb
Help = ./XDRConfExtractor.py -h

Getting Hold of Database Lock Files

Agent Version <7.8

With Agent Versions prior to 7.8 any authenticated user can generate a Support File on Windows via Cortex XDR Console in the System Tray. The databse lock files can be found within the zip:

logs_[ID].zip\Persistence\agent_settings.db\

Agent Version β‰₯7.8

Support files from Agents running Version 7.8 or higher are encrypted, but if you have elevated privileges on the Windows Maschine the files can be directly copied from the following directory, without encryption.

Method I

C:\ProgramData\Cyvera\LocalSystem\Persistence\agent_settings.db\

Method II

Generated Support Files are not deleted regulary, so it might be possible to find old, unencrypted Support Files in the following folder:

C:\Users\[Username]\AppData\Roaming\PaloAltoNetworks\Traps\support\

Agent Version >8.1

Supposedly, since Agent version 8.1, it should no longer be possible to pull the data from the lock files. This has not been tested yet.

Credits

This tool relies on a technique originally released by mr.d0x in April 2022 https://mrd0x.com/cortex-xdr-analysis-and-bypass/

Legal disclaimer

Usage of Cortex-XDR-Config-Extractor for attacking targets without prior mutual consent is illegal. It's the end user's responsibility to obey all applicable local, state and federal laws. Developers assume no liability and are not responsible for any misuse or damage caused by this program. Only use for educational purposes.



Slack admits to leaking hashed passwords for five years

"When those invitations went out... somehow, your password hash went out with them."

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