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A proof-of-concept User-Defined Reflective Loader (UDRL) which aims to recreate, integrate, and enhance Cobalt Strike's evasion features!
| Contributor | Notable Contributions | |
|---|---|---|
| Bobby Cooke | @0xBoku | Project original author and maintainer |
| Santiago Pecin | @s4ntiago_p | Reflective Loader major enhancements |
| Chris Spehn | @ConsciousHacker | Aggressor scripting |
| Joshua Magri | @passthehashbrwn | IAT hooking |
| Dylan Tran | @d_tranman | Reflective Call Stack Spoofing |
| James Yeung | @5cript1diot | Indirect System Calls |
The built-in Cobalt Strike reflective loader is robust, handling all Malleable PE evasion features Cobalt Strike has to offer. The major disadvantage to using a custom UDRL is Malleable PE evasion features may or may not be supported out-of-the-box.
The objective of the public BokuLoader project is to assist red teams in creating their own in-house Cobalt Strike UDRL. The project aims to support all worthwhile CS Malleable PE evasion features. Some evasion features leverage CS integration, others have been recreated completely, and some are unsupported.
Before using this project, in any form, you should properly test the evasion features are working as intended. Between the C code and the Aggressor script, compilation with different versions of operating systems, compilers, and Java may return different results.
FreshRSS 
NtProtectVirtualMemory
obfuscate "true" with custom UDRL Aggressor script implementation.0x1000 bytes will be nulls.XGetProcAddress for resolving symbolsKernel32.GetProcAddress
xLoadLibrary for resolving DLL's base address & DLL LoadingTEB->PEB->PEB_LDR_DATA->InMemoryOrderModuleList
Kernel32.LoadLibraryA
| Command | Option(s) | Supported |
|---|---|---|
allocator | HeapAlloc, MapViewOfFile, VirtualAlloc | All supported via BokuLoader implementation |
module_x64 | string (DLL Name) | Supported via BokuLoader implementation. Same DLL stomping requirements as CS implementation apply |
obfuscate | true/false | HTTP/S beacons supported via BokuLoader implementation. SMB/TCP is currently not supported for obfuscate true. Details in issue. Accepting help if you can fix :) |
entry_point | RVA as decimal number | Supported via BokuLoader implementation |
cleanup | true | Supported via CS integration |
userwx | true/false | Supported via BokuLoader implementation |
sleep_mask | (true/false) or (Sleepmask Kit+true) | Supported. When using default "sleepmask true" (without sleepmask kit) set "userwx true". When using sleepmask kit which supports RX beacon.text memory (src47/Ekko) set "sleepmask true" && "userwx false". |
magic_mz_x64 | 4 char string | Supported via CS integration |
magic_pe | 2 char string | Supported via CS integration |
transform-x64 prepend | escaped hex string |
BokuLoader.cna Aggressor script modification |
transform-x64 strrep | string string |
BokuLoader.cna Aggressor script modification |
stomppe | true/false | Unsupported. BokuLoader does not copy beacon DLL headers over. First 0x1000 bytes of virtual beacon DLL are 0x00
|
checksum | number | Experimental. BokuLoader.cna Aggressor script modification |
compile_time | date-time string | Experimental. BokuLoader.cna Aggressor script modification |
image_size_x64 | decimal value | Unsupported |
name | string | Experimental. BokuLoader.cna Aggressor script modification |
rich_header | escaped hex string | Experimental. BokuLoader.cna Aggressor script modification |
stringw | string | Unsupported |
string | string | Unsupported |
make
BokuLoader.cna Aggressor scriptUse the Script Console to ensure BokuLoader was implemented in the beacon build
Does not support x86 option. The x86 bin is the original Reflective Loader object file.
RAW beacons works out of the box. When using the Artifact Kit for the beacon loader, the stagesize variable must be larger than the default.| Original Cobalt Strike String | BokuLoader Cobalt Strike String |
|---|---|
| ReflectiveLoader | BokuLoader |
| Microsoft Base Cryptographic Provider v1.0 | 12367321236742382543232341241261363163151d |
| (admin) | (tomin) |
| beacon | bacons |
Kernel32.LoadLibraryExA is called to map the DLL from diskKernel32.LoadLibraryExA is DONT_RESOLVE_DLL_REFERENCES (0x00000001)
RX or RWX memory will exist in the heap if sleepmask kit is not used.Kernel32.CreateFileMappingA & Kernel32.MapViewOfFile is called to allocate memory for the virtual beacon DLL.NtAllocateVirtualMemory, NtProtectVirtualMemory
ntdll.dll will not detect these systemcalls.mov eax, r11d; mov r11, r10; mov r10, rcx; jmp r11 assembly instructions within its executable memory.0x1000 bytes of the virtual beacon DLL are zeros.
LOLSpoof is a an interactive shell program that automatically spoof the command line arguments of the spawned process. Just call your incriminate-looking command line LOLBin (e.g. powershell -w hidden -enc ZwBlAHQALQBwAHIAbwBjAGUA....) and LOLSpoof will ensure that the process creation telemetry appears legitimate and clear.
Process command line is a very monitored telemetry, being thoroughly inspected by AV/EDRs, SOC analysts or threat hunters.
lolbin.exe " " * sizeof(real arguments)
Although this simple technique helps to bypass command line detection, it may introduce other suspicious telemetry: 1. Creation of suspended process 2. The new process has trailing spaces (but it's really easy to make it a repeated character or even random data instead) 3. Write to the spawned process with WriteProcessMemory
Built with Nim 1.6.12 (compiling with Nim 2.X yields errors!)
nimble install winim
Programs that clear or change the previous printed console messages (such as timeout.exe 10) breaks the program. when such commands are employed, you'll need to restart the console. Don't know how to fix that, open to suggestions.
Espionage is a network packet sniffer that intercepts large amounts of data being passed through an interface. The tool allows users to to run normal and verbose traffic analysis that shows a live feed of traffic, revealing packet direction, protocols, flags, etc. Espionage can also spoof ARP so, all data sent by the target gets redirected through the attacker (MiTM). Espionage supports IPv4, TCP/UDP, ICMP, and HTTP. Espionag e was written in Python 3.8 but it also supports version 3.6. This is the first version of the tool so please contact the developer if you want to help contribute and add more to Espionage. Note: This is not a Scapy wrapper, scapylib only assists with HTTP requests and ARP.
1: git clone https://www.github.com/josh0xA/Espionage.git
2: cd Espionage
3: sudo python3 -m pip install -r requirments.txt
4: sudo python3 espionage.py --help
sudo python3 espionage.py --normal --iface wlan0 -f capture_output.pcapwlan0 with whatever your network interface is.sudo python3 espionage.py --verbose --iface wlan0 -f capture_output.pcapsudo python3 espionage.py --normal --iface wlan0sudo python3 espionage.py --verbose --httpraw --iface wlan0sudo python3 espionage.py --target <target-ip-address> --iface wlan0sudo python3 espionage.py --iface wlan0 --onlyhttpsudo python3 espionage.py --iface wlan0 --onlyhttpsecuresudo python3 espionage.py --iface wlan0 --urlonlyusage: espionage.py [-h] [--version] [-n] [-v] [-url] [-o] [-ohs] [-hr] [-f FILENAME] -i IFACE
[-t TARGET]
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--version returns the packet sniffers version.
-n, --normal executes a cleaner interception, less sophisticated.
-v, --verbose (recommended) executes a more in-depth packet interception/sniff.
-url, --urlonly only sniffs visited urls using http/https.
-o, --onlyhttp sniffs only tcp/http data, returns urls visited.
-ohs, --onlyhttpsecure
sniffs only https data, (port 443).
-hr, --httpraw displays raw packet data (byte order) recieved or sent on port 80.
(Recommended) arguments for data output (.pcap):
-f FILENAME, --filename FILENAME
name of file to store the output (make extension '.pcap').
(Required) arguments required for execution:
-i IFACE, --iface IFACE
specify network interface (ie. wlan0, eth0, wlan1, etc.)
(ARP Spoofing) required arguments in-order to use the ARP Spoofing utility:
-t TARGET, --target TARGET
A simple medium writeup can be found here:
Click Here For The Official Medium Article
The developer of this program, Josh Schiavone, written the following code for educational and ethical purposes only. The data sniffed/intercepted is not to be used for malicous intent. Josh Schiavone is not responsible or liable for misuse of this penetration testing tool. May God bless you all.
MIT License
Copyright (c) 2024 Josh Schiavone
NetProbe is a tool you can use to scan for devices on your network. The program sends ARP requests to any IP address on your network and lists the IP addresses, MAC addresses, manufacturers, and device models of the responding devices.
You can download the program from the GitHub page.
$ git clone https://github.com/HalilDeniz/NetProbe.gitTo install the required libraries, run the following command:
$ pip install -r requirements.txtTo run the program, use the following command:
$ python3 netprobe.py [-h] -t [...] -i [...] [-l] [-o] [-m] [-r] [-s]-h,--help: show this help message and exit-t,--target: Target IP address or subnet (default: 192.168.1.0/24)-i,--interface: Interface to use (default: None)-l,--live: Enable live tracking of devices-o,--output: Output file to save the results-m,--manufacturer: Filter by manufacturer (e.g., 'Apple')-r,--ip-range: Filter by IP range (e.g., '192.168.1.0/24')-s,--scan-rate: Scan rate in seconds (default: 5)$ python3 netprobe.py -t 192.168.1.0/24 -i eth0 -o results.txt -l$ python3 netprobe.py --help
usage: netprobe.py [-h] -t [...] -i [...] [-l] [-o] [-m] [-r] [-s]
NetProbe: Network Scanner Tool
options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-t [ ...], --target [ ...]
Target IP address or subnet (default: 192.168.1.0/24)
-i [ ...], --interface [ ...]
Interface to use (default: None)
-l, --live Enable live tracking of devices
-o , --output Output file to save the results
-m , --manufacturer Filter by manufacturer (e.g., 'Apple')
-r , --ip-range Filter by IP range (e.g., '192.168.1.0/24')
-s , --scan-rate Scan rate in seconds (default: 5)
$ python3 netprobe.py You can enable live tracking of devices on your network by using the -l or --live flag. This will continuously update the device list every 5 seconds.
$ python3 netprobe.py -t 192.168.1.0/24 -i eth0 -lYou can save the scan results to a file by using the -o or --output flag followed by the desired output file name.
$ python3 netprobe.py -t 192.168.1.0/24 -i eth0 -l -o results.txt
┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ IP Address ┃ MAC Address ┃ Packet Size ┃ Manufacturer ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ 192.168.1.1 │ **:6e:**:97:**:28 │ 102 │ ASUSTek COMPUTER INC. │
│ 192.168.1.3 │ 00:**:22:**:12:** │ 102 │ InPro Comm │
│ 192.168.1.2 │ **:32:**:bf:**:00 │ 102 │ Xiaomi Communications Co Ltd │
│ 192.168.1.98 │ d4:**:64:**:5c:** │ 102 │ ASUSTek COMPUTER INC. │
│ 192.168.1.25 │ **:49:**:00:**:38 │ 102 │ Unknown │
└──────────────┴───────────────────┴─────────────┴──────────────────────────────┘
If you have any questions, suggestions, or feedback about the program, please feel free to reach out to me through any of the following platforms:
This program is released under the MIT LICENSE. See LICENSE for more information.
